The Gospel According to Mark
Everyday English Translation with Vulgate Clementine Notes
Mark 1
1 The beginning of the good news about Jesus the Messiah, the Son of God,
2 as it is written in Isaiah the prophet: I will send my messenger ahead of you, who will prepare your way -
3 a voice of one calling in the wilderness, Prepare the way for the Lord, make straight paths for him.
4 And so John the Baptist appeared in the wilderness, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.
5 The whole Judean countryside and all the people of Jerusalem went out to him. Confessing their sins, they were baptized by him in the Jordan River.
6 John wore clothing made of camel's hair, with a leather belt around his waist, and he ate locusts and wild honey.
7 And this was his message: After me comes the one more powerful than I, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to stoop down and untie.
8 I baptize you with water, but he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.
9 At that time Jesus came from Nazareth in Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan.
10 Just as Jesus was coming up out of the water, he saw heaven being torn open and the Spirit descending on him like a dove.
11 And a voice came from heaven: You are my Son, whom I love; with you I am well pleased.
12 At once the Spirit sent him out into the wilderness,
13 and he was in the wilderness forty days, being tempted by Satan. He was with the wild animals, and angels attended him.
14 After John was put in prison, Jesus went into Galilee, proclaiming the good news of God.
15 The time has come, he said. The kingdom of God has come near. Repent and believe the good news!
16 As Jesus walked beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and his brother Andrew casting a net into the lake, for they were fishermen.
17 Come, follow me, Jesus said, and I will send you out to fish for people.
18 At once they left their nets and followed him.
19 When he had gone a little farther, he saw James son of Zebedee and his brother John in a boat, preparing their nets.
20 Without delay he called them, and they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired men and followed him.
21 They went to Capernaum, and when the Sabbath came, Jesus went into the synagogue and began to teach.
22 The people were amazed at his teaching, because he taught them as one who had authority, not as the teachers of the law.
23 Just then a man in their synagogue who was possessed by an impure spirit cried out,
24 What do you want with us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are - the Holy One of God!
25 Be quiet! said Jesus sternly. Come out of him!
26 The impure spirit shook the man violently and came out of him with a shriek.
27 The people were all so amazed that they asked each other, What is this? A new teaching - and with authority! He even gives orders to impure spirits and they obey him.
28 News about him spread quickly over the whole region of Galilee.
29 As soon as they left the synagogue, they went with James and John to the home of Simon and Andrew.
30 Simon's mother-in-law was in bed with a fever, and they immediately told Jesus about her.
31 So he went to her, took her hand and helped her up. The fever left her and she began to wait on them.
32 That evening after sunset the people brought to Jesus all the sick and demon-possessed.
33 The whole town gathered at the door,
34 and Jesus healed many who had various diseases. He also drove out many demons, but he would not let the demons speak because they knew who he was.
35 Very early in the morning, while it was still dark, Jesus got up, left the house and went off to a solitary place, where he prayed.
36 Simon and his companions went to look for him,
37 and when they found him, they exclaimed: Everyone is looking for you!
38 Jesus replied, Let us go somewhere else - to the nearby villages - so I can preach there also. That is why I have come.
39 So he traveled throughout Galilee, preaching in their synagogues and driving out demons.
40 A man with leprosy came to him and begged him on his knees, If you are willing, you can make me clean.
41 Jesus was indignant. He reached out his hand and touched the man. I am willing, he said. Be clean!
42 Immediately the leprosy left him and he was cleansed.
43 Jesus sent him away at once with a strong warning:
44 See that you don't tell this to anyone. But go, show yourself to the priest and offer the sacrifices that Moses commanded for your cleansing, as a testimony to them.
45 Instead he went out and began to talk freely, spreading the news. As a result, Jesus could no longer enter a town openly but stayed outside in lonely places. Yet the people still came to him from everywhere.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 1
1 Initium Evangelii Jesu Christi, Filii Dei - Beginning of Gospel of Jesus Christ, Son of God - Mark starts abrupt, no infancy, Evangelii = good news.
2-3 Sicut scriptum est in Isaia propheta: Ecce ego mitto angelum meum ante faciem tuam... Vox clamantis in deserto - As written in Isaiah prophet: Behold I send my angel before your face... Voice crying in desert - composite quote Malachi 3:1 + Isaiah 40:3, angelum = messenger John.
4 Fuit Joannes in deserto baptizans, et prædicans baptismum pœnitentiæ in remissionem peccatorum - John was in desert baptizing and preaching baptism of repentance unto remission - baptismum pœnitentiæ = turning.
6 Vestitus pilis cameli, et zona pellicea circa lumbos ejus, et locustas et mel silvestre edebat - Clothed with camel hairs, leather belt around loins, locusts and wild honey ate - Elijah imagery 2 Kings 1:8, desert diet.
7 Venit fortior me post me, cujus non sum dignus procumbens solvere corrigiam calceamentorum ejus - Comes stronger than me after me, whose not worthy stooping to loose strap of shoes - procumbens = bending down, task of lowest slave.
8 Baptizavi vos aqua, ille vero baptizabit vos Spiritu Sancto - I baptized with water, he with Holy Spirit.
9 Venit Jesus a Nazareth Galilææ: et baptizatus est a Joanne in Jordane - Came from Nazareth of Galilee, baptized by John in Jordan - humility.
10 Statim ascendens de aqua, vidit cælos apertos, et Spiritum tamquam columbam descendentem - Immediately ascending from water, saw heavens opened and Spirit as dove descending - cælos apertos = heavens torn open, Mark vivid.
11 Tu es Filius meus dilectus, in te complacui - You are my beloved Son, in you I am well pleased - Psalm 2:7 + Isaiah 42:1, Trinity revealed.
12 Statim Spiritus expulit eum in desertum - Immediately Spirit drove him into desert - expulit = drove out, strong word, Mark urgency.
13 Quadraginta diebus, et quadraginta noctibus: et tentabatur a Satana: eratque cum bestiis, et angeli ministrabant illi - Forty days and nights, tempted by Satan, was with beasts and angels ministered - with beasts = wilderness, Adam? Daniel? Angels serve.
14 Postquam traditus est Joannes, venit Jesus in Galilæam, prædicans Evangelium regni Dei - After John handed over, Jesus came to Galilee preaching Gospel of kingdom - traditus = delivered up, arrested.
15 Impletum est tempus, et appropinquavit regnum Dei: pœnitemini, et credite Evangelio - Fulfilled is time, kingdom near, repent and believe Gospel - impletum = kairos fulfilled.
16-20 Vidit Simonem, et Andream... mittentes retia... faciam vos fieri piscatores hominum... relicto patre suo Zebedæo in navi cum mercenariis - Saw Simon and Andrew casting nets... make you fishers of men... leaving father Zebedee in boat with hired men - mercenarii = hired workers, family had business.
21 Ingrediuntur Capharnaum: et statim sabbatis ingressus in synagogam, docebat eos - Enter Capernaum, immediately on Sabbath entered synagogue taught.
22 Quasi potestatem habens, et non sicut scribæ - As having authority, not as scribes - scribes quoted others, Jesus spoke with own authority.
23 Homo in spiritu immundo - Man in unclean spirit - impure.
25 Obmutesce, et exi de homine - Be mute, come out of man - Obmutesce = be muzzled, Mark exorcism.
26 Discerpens eum spiritus immundus - Tearing him unclean spirit - discerpens = convulsing.
27 Quænam doctrina hæc nova? quia in potestate etiam spiritibus immundis imperat - What new teaching? Because with authority even unclean spirits he commands - nova = fresh, new age.
30 Socrus Simonis febricitans - Mother-in-law of Simon fevering - decumbebat = lying down, febricitans = feverish.
31 Apprehensa manu ejus: et continuo dimisit eam febris, et ministrabat eis - Taking hand, immediately fever left and she served them - service restored.
32 Vespere facto cum occidisset sol, afferebant ad eum omnes male habentes - Evening after sun set, brought all sick - Sabbath ended at sunset, now can carry sick.
34 Non sinebat ea loqui, quoniam sciebant eum - Did not allow them to speak because they knew him - Messianic secret in Mark.
35 Diluculo valde surgens, egressus abiit in desertum locum, ibique orabat - Very early dawn rising, went out to desert place and prayed there - diluculo = at first light, Mark shows prayer despite busy.
38 Eamus in proximos vicos, et civitates, ut et ibi prædicem: ad hoc enim veni - Let us go into nearby villages and towns that there also I may preach, for this I came - preaching priority over healing.
40 Leprosus deprecans eum: et genu flexo dixit: Si vis, potes me mundare - Leper begging, knee bent said If you will you can cleanse - genu flexo = kneeling, leprosy made outcast.
41 Misertus ejus, extendit manum suam: et tangens eum, ait: Volo: mundare - Having compassion stretched hand and touching him said I will, be cleansed - touching leper made one unclean under Law, but Jesus makes clean, Volo = I will, divine will.
44 Vide nemini dixeris: sed vade, ostende te principi sacerdotum - See tell no one, but go show yourself to chief of priests - priest to declare clean Leviticus 14, testimony.
45 Diffamare sermonem... non posset manifeste introire in civitatem - Blaze abroad word, could not openly enter city - result of disobedience to silence? Popularity hinders movement, Mark irony.
Mark 2
1 A few days later, when Jesus again entered Capernaum, the people heard that he had come home.
2 They gathered in such large numbers that there was no room left, not even outside the door, and he preached the word to them.
3 Some men came, bringing to him a paralyzed man, carried by four of them.
4 Since they could not get him to Jesus because of the crowd, they made an opening in the roof above Jesus by digging through it and then lowered the mat the man was lying on.
5 When Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralyzed man, Son, your sins are forgiven.
6 Now some teachers of the law were sitting there, thinking to themselves,
7 Why does this fellow talk like that? He's blaspheming! Who can forgive sins but God alone?
8 Immediately Jesus knew in his spirit that this was what they were thinking in their hearts, and he said to them, Why are you thinking these things?
9 Which is easier: to say to this paralyzed man, Your sins are forgiven, or to say, Get up, take your mat and walk?
10 But I want you to know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins. So he said to the man,
11 I tell you, get up, take your mat and go home.
12 He got up, took his mat and walked out in full view of them all. This amazed everyone and they praised God, saying, We have never seen anything like this!
13 Once again Jesus went out beside the lake. A large crowd came to him, and he began to teach them.
14 As he walked along, he saw Levi son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax collector's booth. Follow me, Jesus told him, and Levi got up and followed him.
15 While Jesus was having dinner at Levi's house, many tax collectors and sinners were eating with him and his disciples, for there were many who followed him.
16 When the teachers of the law who were Pharisees saw him eating with the sinners and tax collectors, they asked his disciples: Why does he eat with tax collectors and sinners?
17 On hearing this, Jesus said to them, It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.
18 Now John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting. Some people came and asked Jesus, How is it that John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees are fasting, but yours are not?
19 Jesus answered, How can the guests of the bridegroom fast while he is with them? They cannot, so long as they have him with them.
20 But the time will come when the bridegroom will be taken from them, and on that day they will fast.
21 No one sews a patch of unshrunk cloth on an old garment. Otherwise, the new piece will pull away from the old, making the tear worse.
22 And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. Otherwise, the wine will burst the skins, and both the wine and the wineskins will be ruined. No, they pour new wine into new wineskins.
23 One Sabbath Jesus was going through the grainfields, and as his disciples walked along, they began to pick some heads of grain.
24 The Pharisees said to him, Look, why are they doing what is unlawful on the Sabbath?
25 He answered, Have you never read what David did when he and his companions were hungry and in need?
26 In the days of Abiathar the high priest, he entered the house of God and ate the consecrated bread, which is lawful only for priests to eat. And he also gave some to his companions.
27 Then he said to them, The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.
28 So the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 2
1 Et iterum intravit Capharnaum post dies - Again entered Capernaum after days - post dies = after some days, return to base.
2 Et auditum est quod in domo esset - Heard that he was in house - crowds overflow not even at door, loquebatur eis verbum = spoke word.
3 Ferentes paralyticum, qui a quatuor portabatur - Bringing paralytic carried by four - faith needs four friends.
4 Cum non possent offerre eum illi præ turba, nudaverunt tectum ubi erat: et patefacientes submiserunt grabatum - Could not bring him for crowd, uncovered roof where he was, opening let down mat - nudaverunt tectum = dug through mud roof, typical house flat roof, grabatum = pallet, mat.
5 Fidem illorum - Their faith - faith of carriers counted for paralytic.
6 Cogitantes in cordibus suis - Thinking in hearts - internal accusation.
7 Quis potest dimittere peccata, nisi solus Deus? - Who can forgive sins but God alone? - correct theology, but miss who stands before them.
8 Statim cognito Jesus spiritu suo - Immediately knowing Jesus in his spirit - spiritual perception, not hearsay.
9-11 Quid est facilius dicere... Dimittuntur... an Surge, tolle grabatum... tibi dico Surge - Which easier to say... sins forgiven or rise take mat? I say to you rise - easier to say forgiven (unverifiable), but to prove authority does verifiable miracle.
12 Statim surrexit... honorificent Deum, dicentes: Quia numquam sic vidimus - Immediately rose... glorified God saying Never thus saw - Mark amazement.
14 Vidit Levi Alphæi sedentem ad telonium - Saw Levi son of Alphaeus sitting at toll - telonium = custom booth, Levi = Matthew, tax collector.
15 Accumberet in domo illius, multi publicani et peccatores - Reclining in his house, many tax collectors and sinners - accumbere = recline for meal, publicans = hated collaborators.
16 Videntes quia manducaret cum publicanis - Seeing that he ate with publicans - separation concern.
17 Non necesse habent sani medico, sed qui male habent - Healthy no need of physician but sick - proverb.
18 Discipuli Joannis et pharisæi jejunantes - Disciples of John and Pharisees fasting - John ascetic, Pharisees twice weekly.
19 Filii nuptiarum, quamdiu sponsus cum illis est - Sons of wedding, while bridegroom with them - wedding guests cannot mourn during wedding feast, sponsus = bridegroom = Jesus.
20 Cum auferetur ab eis sponsus - When bridegroom taken away - foreshadows passion, auferetur = violently taken.
21 Assumentum panni rudis assuit vestimento veteri - Patch of raw cloth sewn to old garment - rudis = unshrunk, will shrink and tear.
22 Vinum novum in utres veteres - New wine in old wineskins - utres = leather bottles, old hard, new wine ferments expands.
23 Sabbatis ambularet per sata, et discipuli cœperunt progredi, et vellere spicas - On Sabbaths walked through crops, disciples began to go and pluck ears - plucking grain allowed Deut 23:25 but Pharisees saw as harvesting = work forbidden.
25 Quid fecerit David, quando necessitatem habuit - What David did when he had need - 1 Samuel 21, David and companions hungry.
26 Sub Abiathar principe sacerdotum, et panes propositionis manducavit - Under Abiathar high priest ate loaves of proposition - panes propositionis = showbread, 12 loaves in Holy Place, only priests could eat, Abiathar - Mark says Abiathar, Samuel says Ahimelech his father, Abiathar was more famous son.
27 Sabbatum propter hominem factum est, et non homo propter sabbatum - Sabbath made for man, not man for Sabbath - central principle, Sabbath gift for rest not burden.
28 Itaque Dominus est Filius hominis, etiam sabbati - Therefore Lord is Son of Man even of Sabbath - Lord of Sabbath can interpret it.
Mark 3
1 Another time Jesus went into the synagogue, and a man with a shriveled hand was there.
2 Some of them were looking for a reason to accuse Jesus, so they watched him closely to see if he would heal him on the Sabbath.
3 Jesus said to the man with the shriveled hand, Stand up in front of everyone.
4 Then Jesus asked them, Which is lawful on the Sabbath: to do good or to do evil, to save life or to kill? But they remained silent.
5 He looked around at them in anger and, deeply distressed at their stubborn hearts, said to the man, Stretch out your hand. He stretched it out, and his hand was completely restored.
6 Then the Pharisees went out and began to plot with the Herodians how they might kill Jesus.
7 Jesus withdrew with his disciples to the lake, and a large crowd from Galilee followed.
8 When they heard about all he was doing, many people came to him from Judea, Jerusalem, Idumea, and the regions across the Jordan and around Tyre and Sidon.
9 Because of the crowd he told his disciples to have a small boat ready for him, to keep the people from crowding him.
10 For he had healed many, so that those with diseases were pushing forward to touch him.
11 Whenever the impure spirits saw him, they fell down before him and cried out, You are the Son of God.
12 But he gave them strict orders not to tell others about him.
13 Jesus went up on a mountainside and called to him those he wanted, and they came to him.
14 He appointed twelve that they might be with him and that he might send them out to preach
15 and to have authority to drive out demons.
16 These are the twelve he appointed: Simon (to whom he gave the name Peter),
17 James son of Zebedee and his brother John (to them he gave the name Boanerges, which means sons of thunder),
18 Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot
19 and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him.
20 Then Jesus entered a house, and again a crowd gathered, so that he and his disciples were not even able to eat.
21 When his family heard about this, they went to take charge of him, for they said, He is out of his mind.
22 And the teachers of the law who came down from Jerusalem said, He is possessed by Beelzebul! By the prince of demons he is driving out demons.
23 So Jesus called them over to him and began to speak to them in parables: How can Satan drive out Satan?
24 If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand.
25 If a house is divided against itself, that house cannot stand.
26 And if Satan opposes himself and is divided, he cannot stand; his end has come.
27 In fact, no one can enter a strong man's house without first tying him up. Then he can plunder the strong man's house.
28 Truly I tell you, people can be forgiven all their sins and every slander they utter,
29 but whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit will never be forgiven; they are guilty of an eternal sin.
30 He said this because they were saying, He has an impure spirit.
31 Then Jesus' mother and brothers arrived. Standing outside, they sent someone in to call him.
32 A crowd was sitting around him, and they told him, Your mother and brothers are outside looking for you.
33 Who are my mother and my brothers? he asked.
34 Then he looked at those seated in a circle around him and said, Here are my mother and my brothers!
35 Whoever does God's will is my brother and sister and mother.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 3
1 Et introivit iterum in synagogam: et erat ibi homo habens manum aridam - Again entered synagogue, man having withered hand - aridam = dry, withered.
2 Observabant eum, si sabbatis curaret, ut accusarent illum - Watched him if on Sabbath he would cure, to accuse him - trap.
3 Surge in medium - Rise into middle - public.
4 Licet sabbatis benefacere, an male? animam salvam facere, an perdere? - Is it lawful on Sabbath to do good or evil, to save soul or destroy? - dilemma: not healing when able is doing evil.
5 Circumspiciens eos cum ira, contristatus super cæcitate cordis eorum - Looking around them with anger, grieved over blindness of heart - cum ira = with anger, righteous anger, contristatus = saddened, cæcitate = blindness, hardness.
6 Pharisæi, statim cum Herodianis consilium faciebant adversus eum quomodo eum perderent - Pharisees immediately with Herodians took counsel how to destroy him - Herodians = political supporters of Herod, normally enemies of Pharisees but unite against Jesus, first plot to kill in Mark.
7 Secessit ad mare - Withdrew to sea - secessit = retired.
9 Navicula sibi deserviret propter turbam, ne comprimerent eum - Small boat wait for him because of crowd lest they crush him - navicula = little boat, deserviret = serve, comprimerent = press, throng.
10 Irruerent in eum ut illum tangerent, quotquot habebant plagas - Rushed upon him to touch him, as many as had plagues - irruerent = fall upon, plagas = wounds, afflictions.
12 Vehementer comminabatur eis ne manifestarent illum - Vehemently threatened them not to make him known - Messianic secret again.
13 Ascendens in montem vocavit ad se quos voluit ipse - Going up mountain called to himself whom he wanted - quos voluit = whom he himself willed, sovereign choice.
14 Fecit ut essent duodecim cum illo: et ut mitteret eos prædicare - Made that twelve should be with him and send to preach - duodecim = twelve, new Israel, being with him first then mission.
16 Imposuit Simoni nomen Petrus - Imposed on Simon name Peter - Petrus = rock.
17 Boanerges, quod est, Filii tonitrui - Boanerges which is sons of thunder - Aramaic bene regesh? Sons of thunder for zealous temperament.
18 Simonem Cananæum - Simon the Cananean - Cananæum = zealot, not Canaanite, political zealot.
20 Veniunt ad domum: et convenit iterum turba, ita ut non possent neque panem manducare - Come to house, crowd again so could not even eat bread - intense demand.
21 Cum audissent sui, exierunt tenere eum: dicebant enim: Quoniam in furorem versus est - When his own heard, went out to seize him, said: He has turned into madness - sui = family/kinsmen, tenere = take charge, in furorem versus est = become out of mind, mad.
22 Beelzebub habet, et quia in principe dæmoniorum ejicit dæmonia - Has Beelzebul, and by prince of demons casts out demons - Beelzebub = Baal-zebul, lord of flies/dung, prince of demons.
23-26 Quomodo potest Satanas Satanam ejicere?... Si regnum in se dividatur - How can Satan cast out Satan?... If kingdom divided - logical argument, divided kingdom cannot stand.
27 Nemo potest vasa fortis ingressus in domum diripere, nisi prius fortem alliget - No one can enter house of strong man and plunder goods unless first bind strong man - vasa = vessels/goods, fortis = strong man = Satan, Jesus is stronger one binding him.
28-29 Omnia dimittentur... qui autem blasphemaverit in Spiritum Sanctum, non habebit remissionem in æternum - All sins forgiven... who blasphemes against Holy Spirit will not have remission forever - blasphemia in Spirit = attributing work of Holy Spirit to Satan, hardened rejection, reus æterni delicti = guilty of eternal sin.
31 Mater ejus et fratres - Mother and brothers - family arrives, foris stantes = standing outside.
35 Qui fecerit voluntatem Dei, hic frater meus, et soror mea, et mater est - Who does will of God, he is my brother and sister and mother - new family defined by obedience, not blood.
Mark 4
1 Again Jesus began to teach by the lake. The crowd that gathered around him was so large that he got into a boat and sat in it out on the lake, while all the people were along the shore at the water's edge.
2 He taught them many things by parables, and in his teaching said:
3 Listen! A farmer went out to sow his seed.
4 As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came and ate it up.
5 Some fell on rocky places, where it did not have much soil. It sprang up quickly, because the soil was shallow.
6 But when the sun came up, the plants were scorched, and they withered because they had no root.
7 Other seed fell among thorns, which grew up and choked the plants, so that they did not bear grain.
8 Still other seed fell on good soil. It came up, grew and produced a crop, some multiplying thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times.
9 Then Jesus said, Whoever has ears to hear, let them hear.
10 When he was alone, the Twelve and the others around him asked him about the parables.
11 He told them, The secret of the kingdom of God has been given to you. But to those on the outside everything is said in parables
12 so that, they may be ever seeing but never perceiving, and ever hearing but never understanding; otherwise they might turn and be forgiven!
13 Then Jesus said to them, Don't you understand this parable? How then will you understand any parable?
14 The farmer sows the word.
15 Some people are like seed along the path, where the word is sown. As soon as they hear it, Satan comes and takes away the word that was sown in them.
16 Others, like seed sown on rocky places, hear the word and at once receive it with joy.
17 But since they have no root, they last only a short time. When trouble or persecution comes because of the word, they quickly fall away.
18 Still others, like seed sown among thorns, hear the word;
19 but the worries of this life, the deceitfulness of wealth and the desires for other things come in and choke the word, making it unfruitful.
20 Others, like seed sown on good soil, hear the word, accept it, and produce a crop - some thirty, some sixty, some a hundred times what was sown.
21 He said to them, Do you bring in a lamp to put it under a bowl or a bed? Instead, don't you put it on its stand?
22 For whatever is hidden is meant to be disclosed, and whatever is concealed is meant to be brought out into the open.
23 If anyone has ears to hear, let them hear.
24 Consider carefully what you hear, he continued. With the measure you use, it will be measured to you - and even more.
25 Whoever has will be given more; whoever does not have, even what they have will be taken from them.
26 He also said, This is what the kingdom of God is like. A man scatters seed on the ground.
27 Night and day, whether he sleeps or gets up, the seed sprouts and grows, though he does not know how.
28 All by itself the soil produces grain - first the stalk, then the head, then the full kernel in the head.
29 As soon as the grain is ripe, he puts the sickle to it, because the harvest has come.
30 Again he said, What shall we say the kingdom of God is like, or what parable shall we use to describe it?
31 It is like a mustard seed, which is the smallest of all seeds on earth.
32 Yet when planted, it grows and becomes the largest of all garden plants, with such big branches that the birds can perch in its shade.
33 With many similar parables Jesus spoke the word to them, as much as they could understand.
34 He did not say anything to them without using a parable. But when he was alone with his own disciples, he explained everything.
35 That day when evening came, he said to his disciples, Let us go over to the other side.
36 Leaving the crowd behind, they took him along, just as he was, in the boat. There were also other boats with him.
37 A furious squall came up, and the waves broke over the boat, so that it was nearly swamped.
38 Jesus was in the stern, sleeping on a cushion. The disciples woke him and said to him, Teacher, don't you care if we drown?
39 He got up, rebuked the wind and said to the waves, Quiet! Be still! Then the wind died down and it was completely calm.
40 He said to his disciples, Why are you so afraid? Do you still have no faith?
41 They were terrified and asked each other, Who is this? Even the wind and the waves obey him!
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 4
1 Et iterum cœpit docere ad mare: et congregata est ad eum turba multa, ita ut navim ascendens sederet in mari - Again began to teach by sea, crowd so large he boarded boat sitting on sea - pulpit boat.
2 In parabolis multa - Many things in parables - parable method.
3 Audite: ecce exiit seminans ad seminandum - Hear: behold sower went out to sow - Audite = Listen imperative, opening.
4 Aliud cecidit circa viam, et venerunt volucres cæli, et comederunt illud - Some fell near road, birds of heaven came ate it - circa viam = along path, hard packed.
5 Super petrosa, ubi non habuit terram multam: et statim exortum est, quoniam non habebat altitudinem terræ - On rocky where not much earth, immediately sprang because no depth - petrosa = rocky ground, limestone under thin soil.
6 Quando exortus est sol, exæstuavit: et eo quod non habebat radicem, exaruit - When sun rose scorched, because no root withered - exæstuavit = burned up.
7 In spinas: et ascenderunt spinæ, et suffocaverunt illud - Into thorns, thorns grew and choked - suffocaverunt = choked.
8 In terram bonam... unum triginta, unum sexaginta, et unum centum - Into good earth... one thirty, one sixty, one hundred - yields, hundredfold huge.
10 Cum esset singularis, interrogaverunt eum - When he was alone - singularis = alone, private explanation.
11 Vobis datum est nosse mysterium regni Dei: illis autem, qui foris sunt, in parabolis omnia fiunt - To you given to know mystery of kingdom, to those outside all in parables - mysterium = secret, foris = outside.
12 Ut videntes videant, et non videant: et audientes audiant, et non intelligant: nequando convertantur, et dimittantur eis peccata - That seeing they may see and not perceive, hearing hear and not understand, lest they convert and sins forgiven - Isaiah 6:9-10, parables both reveal and conceal, judgment on hardness.
14 Qui seminat, verbum seminat - Sower sows word - interpretation key.
15 Qui circa viam... confestim venit Satanas, et aufert verbum - Those by road, immediately Satan comes takes word - Satanas = adversary, aufert = carries off.
17 Temporales sunt: deinde orta tribulatione et persecutione propter verbum, confestim scandalizantur - Temporary, then when tribulation and persecution arises because of word, immediately scandalized - temporales = for a season, scandalizantur = fall away.
19 Ærumnæ sæculi, et deceptio divitiarum, et circa reliqua concupiscentiæ - Worries of world, deceit of riches, and desires for other things - three thorns: cares, riches deception, lusts.
20 Super terram bonam... audiunt verbum, et suscipiunt, et fructificant - On good earth... hear word and receive and bear fruit - suscipiunt = accept, embrace.
21 Numquid venit lucerna ut sub modio ponatur, aut sub lecto? - Does lamp come to be put under bushel or bed? - modio = measuring basket, lucerna = lamp, candelabrum = lampstand - parables not to hide but reveal.
22 Non est aliquid absconditum, quod non manifestetur - Nothing hidden not manifested - eventual revelation.
24 In qua mensura mensi fueritis, remetietur vobis, et adjicietur vobis - With what measure you measure, remeasured to you and added - measure of hearing determines measure of understanding.
25 Qui enim habet, dabitur illi - Who has, will be given - principle.
26-29 Sic est regnum Dei, quemadmodum si homo jaciat sementem in terram... dormiat, et exsurgat nocte et die... ultro enim terra fructificat... cum produxerit fructus, statim mittit falcem - Kingdom like man casts seed... sleeps and rises night and day... earth of itself brings forth fruit... when fruit yields immediately sends sickle - only Mark parable, seed growing secretly - ultro = by itself, automatically, germinet = sprouts, mystery growth while farmer sleeps, God grows.
30-32 Sicut granum sinapis... minus est omnibus seminibus... fit majus omnibus oleribus, et facit ramos magnos, ita ut possint sub umbra ejus aves cæli habitare - Like mustard seed smallest of all seeds... becomes greater than all herbs, makes great branches so birds can dwell under shade - minus = smallest proverbially, mustard seed tiny (1-2mm), becomes large shrub 10 feet, oleribus = garden herbs, birds = Gentiles? Or Old Testament image Daniel 4:12 of empire.
33 Prout poterant audire - According as they were able to hear - accommodated.
34 Sine parabola non loquebatur eis: seorsum autem discipulis suis disserebat omnia - Without parable not speak, apart to disciples explained all - seorsum = privately.
35 Transeamus contra - Let us cross to other side - to Gentile side.
37 Procella magna venti, et fluctus mittebat in navim - Great storm of wind, waves threw into boat - procella = violent squall on lake.
38 In puppi super cervical dormiens - In stern on pillow sleeping - puppi = stern, cervical = cushion, pillow, exhausted but also trust, excitant = woke.
39 Tace, obmutesce. Et cessavit ventus: et facta est tranquillitas magna - Be silent, be muzzled. And wind ceased and great calm - Tace, obmutesce = same words used for demons, rebuke, nature obeys.
40 Quid timidi estis? necdum habetis fidem? - Why fearful? Not yet have faith? - timidi = cowardly fear.
41 Timuerunt timore magno... Quis, putas, est iste, quia et ventus et mare obediunt ei? - Feared with great fear... Who is this that wind and sea obey? - question, answer: Lord of creation.
Mark 5
1 They went across the lake to the region of the Gerasenes.
2 When Jesus got out of the boat, a man with an impure spirit came from the tombs to meet him.
3 This man lived in the tombs, and no one could bind him anymore, not even with a chain.
4 For he had often been chained hand and foot, but he tore the chains apart and broke the irons on his feet. No one was strong enough to subdue him.
5 Night and day among the tombs and in the hills he would cry out and cut himself with stones.
6 When he saw Jesus from a distance, he ran and fell on his knees in front of him.
7 He shouted at the top of his voice, What do you want with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? In God's name don't torture me!
8 For Jesus had said to him, Come out of this man, you impure spirit!
9 Then Jesus asked him, What is your name? My name is Legion, he replied, for we are many.
10 And he begged Jesus again and again not to send them out of the area.
11 A large herd of pigs was feeding on the nearby hillside.
12 The demons begged Jesus, Send us among the pigs; allow us to go into them.
13 He gave them permission, and the impure spirits came out and went into the pigs. The herd, about two thousand in number, rushed down the steep bank into the lake and were drowned.
14 Those tending the pigs ran off and reported this in the town and countryside, and the people went out to see what had happened.
15 When they came to Jesus, they saw the man who had been possessed by the legion of demons, sitting there, dressed and in his right mind; and they were afraid.
16 Those who had seen it told the people what had happened to the demon-possessed man - and told about the pigs as well.
17 Then the people began to plead with Jesus to leave their region.
18 As Jesus was getting into the boat, the man who had been demon-possessed begged to go with him.
19 Jesus did not let him, but said, Go home to your own people and tell them how much the Lord has done for you, and how he has had mercy on you.
20 So the man went away and began to tell in the Decapolis how much Jesus had done for him. And all the people were amazed.
21 When Jesus had again crossed over by boat to the other side of the lake, a large crowd gathered around him while he was by the lake.
22 Then one of the synagogue leaders, named Jairus, came, and when he saw Jesus, he fell at his feet.
23 He pleaded earnestly with him, My little daughter is dying. Please come and put your hands on her so that she will be healed and live.
24 So Jesus went with him. A large crowd followed and pressed around him.
25 And a woman was there who had been subject to bleeding for twelve years.
26 She had suffered a great deal under the care of many doctors and had spent all she had, yet instead of getting better she grew worse.
27 When she heard about Jesus, she came up behind him in the crowd and touched his cloak,
28 because she thought, If I just touch his clothes, I will be healed.
29 Immediately her bleeding stopped and she felt in her body that she was freed from her suffering.
30 At once Jesus realized that power had gone out from him. He turned around in the crowd and asked, Who touched my clothes?
31 You see the people crowding against you, his disciples answered, and yet you can ask, Who touched me?
32 But Jesus kept looking around to see who had done it.
33 Then the woman, knowing what had happened to her, came and fell at his feet and, trembling with fear, told him the whole truth.
34 He said to her, Daughter, your faith has healed you. Go in peace and be freed from your suffering.
35 While Jesus was still speaking, some people came from the house of Jairus, the synagogue leader. Your daughter is dead, they said. Why bother the teacher anymore?
36 Overhearing what they said, Jesus told him, Don't be afraid; just believe.
37 He did not let anyone follow him except Peter, James and John the brother of James.
38 When they came to the home of the synagogue leader, Jesus saw a commotion, with people crying and wailing loudly.
39 He went in and said to them, Why all this commotion and wailing? The child is not dead but asleep.
40 But they laughed at him. After he put them all out, he took the child's father and mother and the disciples who were with him, and went in where the child was.
41 He took her by the hand and said to her, Talitha cumi! (which means Little girl, I say to you, get up!).
42 Immediately the girl stood up and began to walk around (she was twelve years old). At this they were completely astonished.
43 He gave strict orders not to let anyone know about this, and told them to give her something to eat.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 5
1 Trans fretum maris in regionem Gerasenorum - Across strait of sea into region of Gerasenes - fretum = narrow sea, Gerasenes = Gentile Decapolis area east of lake.
2 De monumentis homo in spiritu immundo - From tombs man in unclean spirit - monumentis = tombs, monuments, dwelling among dead = unclean.
3 Domicilium habebat in monumentis, et neque catenis jam quisquam poterat eum ligare - Dwelling in tombs, not even chains could bind - dwelling among dead, social outcast.
4 Compedibus et catenis vinctus, dirupisset catenas, et compedes comminuisset - Bound with fetters and chains, burst chains and crushed fetters - compedes = foot shackles, supernatural strength, nemo poterat eum domare = no one could tame him, like wild beast.
5 Die ac nocte in monumentis, et in montibus erat, clamans, et concidens se lapidibus - Day and night in tombs and mountains crying and cutting himself with stones - self-harm, total misery.
7 Quid mihi et tibi, Jesu Fili Dei altissimi? adjuro te per Deum, ne me torqueas - What to me and to you Jesus Son of Most High? I adjure by God torment me not - quid mihi et tibi = what have we in common, formula of demons recognizing higher authority, torqueas = torture, dread of judgment.
9 Quod tibi nomen est? Legio mihi nomen est, quia multi sumus - What is your name? Legion is my name for we are many - legio = Roman legion 6000 soldiers, indicates many demons.
11 Grex porcorum magnus - Great herd of pigs - pigs unclean for Jews, Gentile area.
13 Grex præcipitatus est in mare ad duo millia, et suffocati sunt in mari - Herd rushed headlong into sea about two thousand and suffocated - magno impetu = great rush, ad duo millia = about 2000, economic loss huge.
15 Vident illum qui a dæmonio vexabatur, sedentem, vestitum, et sanæ mentis, et timuerunt - Saw him who had been harassed by demon, sitting, clothed, sane mind, and they feared - transformation: sitting not wandering, clothed not naked, sane not raging.
17 Rogare cœperunt eum ut discederet de finibus eorum - Began to beg him to depart from their borders - prefer pigs and peace to presence of Christ, fear loss.
19 Vade in domum tuam ad tuos, et annuntia illis quanta tibi Dominus fecerit - Go to your house to yours and announce how much Lord did for you - not allowed to follow, but made missionary to own people, first apostle to Gentiles, exception to Messianic secret.
20 In Decapoli - In Decapolis - ten cities Gentile league, prædicare = proclaim.
22 Archisynagogis nomine Jairus - Ruler of synagogue named Jairus - archisynagogus = synagogue leader, important man humbles self procidit ad pedes = fell at feet.
25 Mulier, quæ erat in profluvio sanguinis annis duodecim - Woman in flow of blood 12 years - profluvio = flow, 12 years unclean Leviticus 15, excluded from temple and society.
26 Multa perpessa a compluribus medicis: et erogaverat omnia sua - Suffered much from many doctors, spent all - Mark detail, doctors made worse.
28 Si vel vestimentum ejus tetigero, salva ero - If even his garment I touch, I will be saved - vel = even, faith in touch.
29 Confestim siccatus est fons sanguinis ejus - Immediately dried up fountain of blood - fons = source, instantaneous.
30 Cognoscens virtutem quæ exierat de illo - Knowing power that had gone out from him - virtutem = power, virtue, dynamis.
32-33 Timens et tremens... dixit ei omnem veritatem - Fearing and trembling... told whole truth - fear after being healed, confession.
34 Filia, fides tua te salvam fecit: vade in pace, et esto sana a plaga tua - Daughter, faith made you whole, go in peace and be healthy from plague - plaga = scourge, affliction.
35 Filia tua mortua est: quid ultra vexas magistrum? - Daughter dead, why still bother master? - ultra vexas = trouble further.
36 Noli timere: tantummodo crede - Do not fear, only believe - tantummodo = only, alone.
39 Puella non est mortua, sed dormit - Girl not dead but sleeps - dormit = sleeps, death as sleep.
40 Irridebant eum - Laughed him to scorn - unbelief mocks.
41 Talitha cumi - Aramaic preserved by Mark: Talitha = little lamb, girl, cumi = arise, Mark translates: Puella tibi dico surge - girl I say to you rise.
42 Annorum duodecim... obstupuerunt stupore magno - Twelve years old, astonished with great amazement - same years as bleeding woman: 12 years suffering and 12 years life.
43 Præcepit ut nemo id sciret: et dixit dari illi manducare - Ordered no one know, said give her to eat - privacy, and proof of real life needs food.
Mark 6
1 Jesus left there and went to his hometown, accompanied by his disciples.
2 When the Sabbath came, he began to teach in the synagogue, and many who heard him were amazed. Where did this man get these things? they asked. What's this wisdom that has been given him? What are these remarkable miracles he is performing?
3 Isn't this the carpenter? Isn't this Mary's son and the brother of James, Joseph, Judas and Simon? Aren't his sisters here with us? And they took offense at him.
4 Jesus said to them, A prophet is not without honor except in his own town, among his relatives and in his own home.
5 He could not do any miracles there, except lay his hands on a few sick people and heal them.
6 He was amazed at their lack of faith. Then Jesus went around teaching from village to village.
7 Calling the Twelve to him, he began to send them out two by two and gave them authority over impure spirits.
8 These were his instructions: Take nothing for the journey except a staff - no bread, no bag, no money in your belts.
9 Wear sandals but not an extra shirt.
10 Whenever you enter a house, stay there until you leave that town.
11 And if any place will not welcome you or listen to you, leave that place and shake the dust off your feet as a testimony against them.
12 They went out and preached that people should repent.
13 They drove out many demons and anointed many sick people with oil and healed them.
14 King Herod heard about this, for Jesus' name had become well known. Some were saying, John the Baptist has been raised from the dead, and that is why miraculous powers are at work in him.
15 Others said, He is Elijah. And still others claimed, He is a prophet, like one of the prophets of long ago.
16 But when Herod heard this, he said, John, whom I beheaded, has been raised from the dead!
17 For Herod himself had given orders to have John arrested, and he had him bound and put in prison. He did this because of Herodias, his brother Philip's wife, whom he had married.
18 For John had been saying to Herod, It is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife.
19 So Herodias nursed a grudge against John and wanted to kill him. But she was not able to,
20 because Herod feared John and protected him, knowing him to be a righteous and holy man. When Herod heard John, he was greatly puzzled; yet he liked to listen to him.
21 Finally the opportune time came. On his birthday Herod gave a banquet for his high officials and military commanders and the leading men of Galilee.
22 When the daughter of Herodias came in and danced, she pleased Herod and his dinner guests. The king said to the girl, Ask me for anything you want, and I'll give it to you.
23 And he promised her with an oath, Whatever you ask I will give you, up to half my kingdom.
24 She went out and said to her mother, What shall I ask for? The head of John the Baptist, she answered.
25 At once the girl hurried in to the king with the request: I want you to give me right now the head of John the Baptist on a platter.
26 The king was greatly distressed, but because of his oaths and his dinner guests, he did not want to refuse her.
27 So he immediately sent an executioner with orders to bring John's head. The man went, beheaded John in the prison,
28 and brought back his head on a platter. He presented it to the girl, and she gave it to her mother.
29 On hearing of this, John's disciples came and took his body and laid it in a tomb.
30 The apostles gathered around Jesus and reported to him all they had done and taught.
31 Then, because so many people were coming and going that they did not even have a chance to eat, he said to them, Come with me by yourselves to a quiet place and get some rest.
32 So they went away by themselves in a boat to a solitary place.
33 But many who saw them leaving recognized them and ran on foot from all the towns and got there ahead of them.
34 When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them, because they were like sheep without a shepherd. So he began teaching them many things.
35 By this time it was late in the day, so his disciples came to him. This is a remote place, they said, and it's already very late.
36 Send the people away so that they can go to the surrounding countryside and villages and buy themselves something to eat.
37 But he answered, You give them something to eat. They said to him, That would take more than half a year's wages! Are we to go and spend that much on bread and give it to them to eat?
38 How many loaves do you have? he asked. Go and see. When they found out, they said, Five - and two fish.
39 Then Jesus directed them to have all the people sit down in groups on the green grass.
40 So they sat down in groups of hundreds and fifties.
41 Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and broke the loaves. Then he gave them to his disciples to distribute to the people. He also divided the two fish among them all.
42 They all ate and were satisfied,
43 and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces of bread and fish.
44 The number of the men who had eaten was five thousand.
45 Immediately Jesus made his disciples get into the boat and go on ahead of him to Bethsaida, while he dismissed the crowd.
46 After leaving them, he went up on a mountainside to pray.
47 Later that night, the boat was in the middle of the lake, and he was alone on land.
48 He saw the disciples straining at the oars, because the wind was against them. Shortly before dawn he went out to them, walking on the lake. He was about to pass by them,
49 but when they saw him walking on the lake, they thought he was a ghost. They cried out,
50 because they all saw him and were terrified. Immediately he spoke to them and said, Take courage! It is I. Don't be afraid.
51 Then he climbed into the boat with them, and the wind died down. They were completely amazed,
52 for they had not understood about the loaves; their hearts were hardened.
53 When they had crossed over, they landed at Gennesaret and anchored there.
54 As soon as they got out of the boat, people recognized Jesus.
55 They ran throughout that whole region and carried the sick on mats to wherever they heard he was.
56 And wherever he went - into villages, towns or countryside - they placed the sick in the marketplaces. They begged him to let them touch even the edge of his cloak, and all who touched it were healed.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 6
1 Abiit in patriam suam - Went to his own country - patria = hometown Nazareth.
2 Facto sabbato cœpit in synagoga docere... Unde huic hæc omnia? - On Sabbath began in synagogue... Where did this get all this? - admirabantur = amazed but offended.
3 Nonne hic est faber, filius Mariæ - Is not this the carpenter, son of Mary - faber = craftsman, carpenter, son of Mary - Mark alone says son of Mary (not Joseph, perhaps Joseph dead), brother names James, Joseph, Jude, Simon - cousins or kinsmen, not sons of Mary in Catholic tradition.
4 Non est propheta sine honore nisi in patria sua - No prophet without honor except in own country - proverb.
5 Non poterat ibi virtutem ullam facere - Could not do any mighty work there - not lack of power but lack of faith blocks reception, moral impossibility.
7 Vocavit duodecim: et cœpit eos mittere binos - Called twelve and began to send them two by two - binos = pairs, support and witness Deuteronomy 19:15.
8 Ne quid tollerent in via, nisi virgam tantum: non peram, non panem, neque in zona æs - Take nothing for way except staff, no bag, no bread, nor money in belt - peram = scrip, bag, zona = belt purse, radical poverty, trust providence.
9 Calceatos sandaliis, et ne induerentur duabus tunicis - Shod with sandals, not wear two tunics - sandals not shoes, simplicity.
11 Excutite pulverem de pedibus vestris in testimonium illis - Shake dust off feet as testimony - shaking dust = sign of separation, Jews shook Gentile dust off entering Israel.
13 Ungebant oleo multos ægros - Anointed with oil many sick - oleo = oil, James 5:14 sacramental anointing.
14 Audivit rex Herodes (manifestum enim factum est nomen ejus) - King Herod heard for name made manifest - Herod Antipas tetrarch, called king courtesy.
16 Quem ego decollavi Joannem - Whom I beheaded John - decollavi = beheaded, guilty conscience.
17 Propter Herodiadem uxorem Philippi fratris sui, quia duxerat eam - Because of Herodias wife of Philip his brother because married her - Herodias was wife of half-brother Philip, left him for Antipas, unlawful Leviticus 18:16.
18 Non licet tibi habere uxorem fratris tui - Not lawful to have brother's wife - John as prophet confronts.
19 Insidiabatur illi - Laid snares - insidiabatur = plotted.
20 Metuebat Joannem, sciens eum virum justum et sanctum: et custodiebat eum, et audito eo multa faciebat - Feared John knowing just and holy, kept him safe, hearing him did many things - Herod intrigued, custodiebat = protected.
21 Dies opportunus - Opportune day - birthday banquet for princes and tribunes, military and leading men - chance for Herodias.
22 Filia ipsius Herodiadis... saltasset, et placuisset Herodi - Daughter of Herodias danced and pleased Herod - daughter Salome, dance provocative, pleased.
23 Juravit illi: Quidquid petieris dabo tibi, licet dimidium regni mei - Swore Whatever you ask I give, even half kingdom - rash oath like Esther.
25 Volo ut protinus des mihi in disco caput Joannis Baptistæ - I want immediately give me on dish head of John - protinus = right now, disco = platter.
26 Contristatus est rex: propter jusjurandum - King saddened because of oath - sad but weak, values guests over justice.
27 Misso spiculatore - Sending executioner - spiculator = soldier of guard, executioner.
29 Tulerunt corpus ejus: et posuerunt illud in monumento - Took body and placed in tomb - disciples of John bury.
30 Convenientes Apostoli - Apostles gathering - first time Mark calls them Apostoli = sent ones.
31 Venite seorsum in desertum locum, et requiescite pusillum - Come apart to desert place and rest a little - seorsum = apart, pastoral care.
33 Pedestres de omnibus civitatibus concurrerunt illuc, et prævenerunt eos - On foot from all cities ran together and arrived before them - enthusiasm.
34 Misertus est super eos, quia erant sicut oves non habentes pastorem - Had compassion because like sheep without shepherd - classic Old Testament image.
37 Ducentis denariis panes - Two hundred denarii of bread - denarius = day wage, 200 days wages.
39 Accumbere facerent omnes secundum contubernia super viride fœnum - Make all recline by groups on green grass - contubernia = groups, companies, viride fœnum = green grass, springtime.
40 Per centenos et quinquagenos - By hundreds and fifties - organized.
41 Intuens in cælum, benedixit, et fregit panes - Looking to heaven, blessed and broke loaves - Eucharistic action.
43 Duodecim cophinos plenos - Twelve baskets full - cophinos = wicker baskets, one per apostle, abundance.
45 Coëgit discipulos suos ascendere navim, ut præcederent eum trans fretum ad Bethsaidam - Compelled disciples to go up into boat to go before him across strait to Bethsaida - coëgit = forced, hurry.
48 Laborantes in remigando... circa quartam vigiliam noctis venit ad eos ambulans supra mare: et volebat præterire eos - Laboring rowing... about fourth watch of night came walking on sea and wanted to pass them - fourth watch = 3-6am, Roman watches, volebat præterire = intended to pass by, like God passing by Moses.
49 Phantasma esse - Thought it was apparition - phantasma = ghost.
50 Ego sum: nolite timere - I am, do not fear - ego sum = I AM, divine name.
52 Non intellexerunt de panibus: erat enim cor eorum obcæcatum - Did not understand about loaves, heart was blinded - hardness of heart.
53 Genesareth - Gennesaret - fertile plain west of lake.
56 Fimbriam vestimenti ejus tangerent - Touch fringe of garment - fimbria = tassel, hem with blue thread, faith in touch.
Mark 7
1 The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus
2 and saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were defiled, that is, unwashed.
3 (The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders.
4 When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.)
5 So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, Why don't your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders instead of eating their food with defiled hands?
6 He replied, Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written: These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.
7 They worship me in vain; their teachings are merely human rules.
8 You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to human traditions.
9 And he continued, You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe your own traditions!
10 For Moses said, Honor your father and mother, and, Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.
11 But you say that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God) -
12 then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother.
13 Thus you nullify the word of God by your tradition that you have handed down. And you do many things like that.
14 Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said, Listen to me, everyone, and understand this.
15 Nothing outside a person can defile them by going into them. Rather, it is what comes out of a person that defiles them.
17 After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him about this parable.
18 Are you so dull? he asked. Don't you see that nothing that enters a person from the outside can defile them?
19 For it doesn't go into their heart but into their stomach, and then out of the body. (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods clean.)
20 He went on: What comes out of a person is what defiles them.
21 For it is from within, out of a person's heart, that evil thoughts come - sexual immorality, theft, murder,
22 adultery, greed, malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly.
23 All these evils come from inside and defile a person.
24 Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre. He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret.
25 In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an impure spirit came and fell at his feet.
26 The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.
27 First let the children eat all they want, he told her, for it is not right to take the children's bread and toss it to the dogs.
28 Lord, she replied, even the dogs under the table eat the children's crumbs.
29 Then he told her, For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter.
30 She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.
31 Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee and into the region of the Decapolis.
32 There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk, and they begged Jesus to place his hand on him.
33 After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man's ears. Then he spit and touched the man's tongue.
34 He looked up to heaven and with a deep sigh said to him, Ephphatha! (which means Be opened!).
35 At this, the man's ears were opened, his tongue was loosened and he began to speak plainly.
36 Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone. But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it.
37 People were overwhelmed with amazement. He has done everything well, they said. He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 7
1 Conveniunt ad eum pharisæi, et quidam de scribis, venientes ab Jerosolymis - Pharisees and scribes from Jerusalem gather - delegation sent to check Jesus.
2 Communibus manibus, id est non lotis, manducare panes - With common hands, that is unwashed, eating bread - communibus = common, defiled, not ritually washed, vituperaverunt = found fault.
3 Nisi crebro laverint manus - Unless wash hands often - crebro = frequently, with fist? Mark explains Jewish customs to Roman readers.
4 A foro nisi baptizentur, non comedunt: et alia multa... baptismata calicum, et urceorum, et æramentorum, et lectorum - From marketplace unless baptized not eat, many other things washings of cups, pitchers, brass vessels, beds - baptizentur = immerse/wash, urceorum = pitchers, æramentorum = copper vessels, lectorum = dining couches.
5 Quare discipuli tui non ambulant juxta traditionem seniorum - Why disciples not walk according to tradition of elders - ambulant = walk, live.
6-7 Bene prophetavit Isaias de vobis hypocritis... Populus hic labiis me honorat, cor autem eorum longe est a me: in vanum me colunt, docentes doctrinas, et præcepta hominum - Isaiah prophesied about you hypocrites: People with lips honors me heart far, in vain worship teaching doctrines and precepts of men - Isaiah 29:13, hypocritis = play-actors.
8 Relinquentes mandatum Dei, tenetis traditionem hominum - Leaving command of God, holding tradition of men - core accusation.
10-12 Honora patrem tuum... Qui maledixerit... morte moriatur... Vos autem dicitis: Si dixerit homo patri Corban (quod est donum)... et ultra non dimittitis eum quidquam facere - Honor father... Who curses death... But you say If man says to father Corban (gift devoted)... no longer allow to do anything - Corban = offering to Temple, loophole to avoid supporting parents, saying money is Corban, then keeping it, violates 5th commandment.
13 Rescindentes verbum Dei per traditionem vestram - Making void word of God through your tradition - rescindentes = nullifying.
15 Nihil est extra hominem introiens in eum, quod possit eum coinquinare, sed quæ de homine procedunt illa sunt quæ communicant hominem - Nothing outside man entering can defile, but what comes out defiles - coinquinare = pollute, communicant = make common/unclean.
19 Non intrat in cor ejus, sed in ventrum vadit, et in secessum exit, purgans omnes escas - Not enter heart but belly and goes out into latrine, cleansing all foods - secessum = sewer, purgans omnes escas = Mark parenthetical: cleansing all foods, declaring all clean, pivotal for Gentile mission.
21-22 Ab intus de corde hominum malæ cogitationes procedunt, adulteria, fornicationes, homicidia, furta, avaritiæ, nequitiæ, dolus, impudicitiæ, oculus malus, blasphemia, superbia, stultitia - From within heart evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders, thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lewdness, evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness - list of 13 evils, heart source.
24 In fines Tyri et Sidonis - Into borders of Tyre and Sidon - Gentile Phoenicia north.
26 Mulier gentilis, Syrophœnissa genere - Woman Gentile, Syrophoenician by race - gentilis = Greek, non-Jew, Syrophoenicia = Phoenicia in Syria to distinguish from Libya.
27 Sine prius saturari filios: non est bonum sumere panem filiorum, et mittere canibus - Let first children be filled, not good to take bread of children and throw to dogs - children = Israel, dogs = Gentiles, Jews called Gentiles dogs, but Jesus uses diminutive canibus = little dogs, household dogs not wild.
28 Nam et catelli comedunt sub mensa de micis puerorum - Even little dogs eat under table of crumbs of children - catelli = puppies, puerorum = little children, humble clever faith, accepts place but claims mercy.
29 Propter hunc sermonem vade: exiit dæmonium - Because of this word go, demon gone - faith rewarded.
31 Exiens de finibus Tyri, venit per Sidonem ad mare Galilææ inter medios fines Decapoleos - Leaving Tyre through Sidon to Sea of Galilee through midst of Decapolis - long northern detour through Gentile territory.
32 Surdum, et mutum - Deaf and mute - mutum = barely speaking.
33 Apprehendens eum de turba seorsum, misit digitos suos in auriculas ejus: et exspuens, tetigit linguam ejus - Taking him from crowd apart, put fingers into ears, spitting touched tongue - tactile signs, personal healing, exspuens = spitting, saliva considered healing.
34 Suspiciens in cælum, ingemuit, et ait: Ephphetha, quod est, Adaperire - Looking to heaven, groaned and said Ephphatha which is Be opened - ingemuit = sighed deeply, groan, prayer, Aramaic Ephphetha preserved.
35 Solutum est vinculum linguæ ejus, et loquebatur recte - Loosed bond of tongue, spoke plainly - vinculum = chain, bond.
37 Bene omnia fecit: et surdos fecit audire, et mutos loqui - He did all things well, deaf hear mute speak - Genesis 1:31 God saw all was good, Isaiah 35:5-6 messianic prophecy: deaf hear mute sing.
Mark 8
1 During those days another large crowd gathered. Since they had nothing to eat, Jesus called his disciples to him and said,
2 I have compassion for these people; they have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat.
3 If I send them home hungry, they will collapse on the way, because some of them have come a long distance.
4 His disciples answered, But where in this remote place can anyone get enough bread to feed them?
5 How many loaves do you have? Jesus asked. Seven, they replied.
6 He told the crowd to sit down on the ground. When he had taken the seven loaves and given thanks, he broke them and gave them to his disciples to distribute to the people, and they did so.
7 They had a few small fish as well; he gave thanks for them also and told the disciples to distribute them.
8 The people ate and were satisfied. Afterward the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over.
9 About four thousand were present. After he had sent them away,
10 he got into the boat with his disciples and went to the region of Dalmanutha.
11 The Pharisees came and began to question Jesus. To test him, they asked him for a sign from heaven.
12 He sighed deeply and said, Why does this generation ask for a sign? Truly I tell you, no sign will be given to it.
13 Then he left them, got back into the boat and crossed to the other side.
14 The disciples had forgotten to bring bread, except for one loaf they had with them in the boat.
15 Be careful, Jesus warned them. Watch out for the yeast of the Pharisees and that of Herod.
16 They discussed this with one another and said, It is because we have no bread.
17 Aware of their discussion, Jesus asked them: Why are you talking about having no bread? Do you still not see or understand? Are your hearts hardened?
18 Do you have eyes but fail to see, and ears but fail to hear? And don't you remember?
19 When I broke the five loaves for the five thousand, how many baskets full of pieces did you pick up? Twelve, they replied.
20 And when I broke the seven loaves for the four thousand, how many baskets full of pieces did you pick up? They answered, Seven.
21 He said to them, Do you still not understand?
22 They came to Bethsaida, and some people brought a blind man and begged Jesus to touch him.
23 He took the blind man by the hand and led him outside the village. When he had spit on the man's eyes and put his hands on him, Jesus asked, Do you see anything?
24 He looked up and said, I see people; they look like trees walking around.
25 Once more Jesus put his hands on the man's eyes. Then his eyes were opened, his sight was restored, and he saw everything clearly.
26 Jesus sent him home, saying, Don't even go into the village.
27 Jesus and his disciples went on to the villages around Caesarea Philippi. On the way he asked them, Who do people say I am?
28 They replied, Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, one of the prophets.
29 But what about you? he asked. Who do you say I am? Peter answered, You are the Messiah.
30 Jesus warned them not to tell anyone about him.
31 He then began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and after three days rise again.
32 He spoke plainly about this, and Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him.
33 But when Jesus turned and looked at his disciples, he rebuked Peter. Get behind me, Satan! he said. You do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns.
34 Then he called the crowd to him along with his disciples and said: Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me.
35 For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me and for the gospel will save it.
36 What good is it for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul?
37 Or what can anyone give in exchange for their soul?
38 If anyone is ashamed of me and my words in this adulterous and sinful generation, the Son of Man will be ashamed of them when he comes in his Father's glory with the holy angels.
39 And he said to them, Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see that the kingdom of God has come with power.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 8
1 Iterum cum turba multa esset, nec haberent quod manducarent - Again with large crowd and had nothing to eat - second feeding, different from 5000.
2 Misereor super turbam: quia ecce jam triduo sustinent me - I have compassion on crowd, behold three days they remain with me - misereor = pity, triduo = three days.
3 Si dimisero eos jejunos in domum suam, deficient in via: quidam enim ex eis de longe venerunt - If send them fasting home they will faint on road, some came from far - jejunos = fasting, deficient = fail, faint.
6 Præcepit turbæ discumbere super terram... gratias agens fregit, et dabat discipulis suis ut apponerent - Commanded crowd sit down on ground, giving thanks broke and gave to disciples to set before - Eucharistic pattern again.
7 Pisciculos paucos - Few little fish - pisciculos = small fish, diminutive.
8 Septem sportas - Seven baskets - sportas = large baskets, different from cophinos (wicker baskets for Jews), sporta = Gentile large basket, hint second feeding for Gentiles?
10 Partes Dalmanutha - Region of Dalmanutha - unknown area west of lake, also called Magadan.
11 Quærentes ab illo signum de cælo, tentantes eum - Seeking from him sign from heaven, testing - signum de cælo = heavenly sign, not earthly miracle.
12 Ingemiscens spiritu, ait: Quid generatio ista signum quærit? - Sighing deeply in spirit, Why does this generation seek sign? - ingemiscens = groaning deeply, grief.
14 Obliti sunt panes sumere: et nisi unum panem non habebant secum in navi - Forgot to take breads, only one bread in boat - obliti = forgot.
15 Videte, et cavete a fermento pharisæorum, et fermento Herodis - See and beware of leaven of Pharisees and leaven of Herod - fermento = leaven, yeast, corrupting teaching, Herod = political power.
16 Cogitabant... quia panes non habemus - Thought because we have no bread - literalistic misunderstanding.
19-20 Quinque panes fregi in quinque millia... septem panes in quatuor millia - Five loaves for 5000... seven for 4000 - Jesus reminds numbers, teaches.
22-26 Bethsaidam... cæcum... apprehensa manu cæci, eduxit eum extra vicum: et exspuens in oculos ejus impositis manibus... Video homines velut arbores ambulantes... iterum imposuit manus... restitutus est ita ut clare videret omnia - Bethsaida... blind man... taking hand led outside village, spitting on eyes laid hands, I see men like trees walking, again laid hands, restored to see clearly - only Mark healing in stages, progressive sight, symbol of disciples gradual understanding, exspuens = spitting, saliva.
27 Castella Cæsareæ Philippi - Villages of Caesarea Philippi - far north, Gentile city at foot of Mt Hermon, center of Pan worship, significant place for confession.
29 Tu es Christus - You are Christ - Christus = Anointed Messiah.
31 Oportet Filium hominis pati multa, et reprobari a senioribus... et occidi: et post tres dies resurgere - Must Son of Man suffer many things and be rejected by elders... and be killed and after three days rise - first passion prediction, oportet = must, divine necessity, palam verbum = openly spoke.
32 Apprehendens eum Petrus, cœpit increpare eum - Peter taking him began to rebuke - increpare = rebuke, same word Jesus uses for demons.
33 Vade retro me Satana, quoniam non sapis quæ Dei sunt, sed quæ sunt hominum - Go behind me Satan, for you do not savor things of God but of men - vade retro = go back, behind, non sapis = not savor/taste, not understand, harsh rebuke.
34 Si quis vult me sequi, deneget semetipsum: et tollat crucem suam - If anyone wants to follow me, deny self and take up cross - deneget = deny, disown, tollat crucem = take cross, Roman execution image, discipleship = death to self.
35 Qui voluerit animam suam salvam facere, perdet eam - Who wants to save his life will lose it - animam = life/soul.
36 Quid proderit homini, si lucretur mundum totum et detrimentum animæ suæ faciat? - What profit if gain whole world and suffer loss of soul? - rhetorical, famous.
38 Qui me confusus fuerit... Filius hominis confundetur eum - Who ashamed of me... Son of Man will be ashamed of him - confusus = ashamed, adulterous generation = unfaithful to God.
39 Sunt quidam de hic stantibus, qui non gustabunt mortem donec videant regnum Dei veniens in virtute - Some standing here will not taste death till see kingdom coming in power - refers to Transfiguration next chapter, foretaste of power.
Mark 9
1 And he said to them, Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see that the kingdom of God has come with power.
2 After six days Jesus took Peter, James and John with him and led them up a high mountain, where they were all alone. There he was transfigured before them.
3 His clothes became dazzling white, whiter than anyone in the world could bleach them.
4 And there appeared before them Elijah and Moses, who were talking with Jesus.
5 Peter said to Jesus, Rabbi, it is good for us to be here. Let us put up three shelters - one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.
6 (He did not know what to say, they were so frightened.)
7 Then a cloud appeared and covered them, and a voice came from the cloud: This is my Son, whom I love. Listen to him!
8 Suddenly, when they looked around, they no longer saw anyone with them except Jesus.
9 As they were coming down the mountain, Jesus gave them orders not to tell anyone what they had seen until the Son of Man had risen from the dead.
10 They kept the matter to themselves, discussing what rising from the dead meant.
11 And they asked him, Why do the teachers of the law say that Elijah must come first?
12 Jesus replied, To be sure, Elijah does come first, and restores all things. Why then is it written that the Son of Man must suffer much and be rejected?
13 But I tell you, Elijah has come, and they have done to him everything they wished, just as it is written about him.
14 When they came to the other disciples, they saw a large crowd around them and the teachers of the law arguing with them.
15 As soon as all the people saw Jesus, they were overwhelmed with wonder and ran to greet him.
16 What are you arguing with them about? he asked.
17 A man in the crowd answered, Teacher, I brought you my son, who is possessed by a spirit that has robbed him of speech.
18 Whenever it seizes him, it throws him to the ground. He foams at the mouth, gnashes his teeth and becomes rigid. I asked your disciples to drive out the spirit, but they could not.
19 You unbelieving generation, Jesus replied, how long shall I stay with you? How long shall I put up with you? Bring the boy to me.
20 So they brought him. When the spirit saw Jesus, it immediately threw the boy into a convulsion. He fell to the ground and rolled around, foaming at the mouth.
21 Jesus asked the boy's father, How long has he been like this? From childhood, he answered.
22 It has often thrown him into fire or water to kill him. But if you can do anything, take pity on us and help us.
23 If you can? said Jesus. Everything is possible for one who believes.
24 Immediately the boy's father exclaimed, I do believe; help me overcome my unbelief!
25 When Jesus saw that a crowd was running to the scene, he rebuked the impure spirit. You deaf and mute spirit, he said, I command you, come out of him and never enter him again.
26 The spirit shrieked, convulsed him violently and came out. The boy looked so much like a corpse that many said, He's dead.
27 But Jesus took him by the hand and lifted him to his feet, and he stood up.
28 After Jesus had gone indoors, his disciples asked him privately, Why couldn't we drive it out?
29 He replied, This kind can come out only by prayer and fasting.
30 They left that place and passed through Galilee. Jesus did not want anyone to know where they were,
31 because he was teaching his disciples. He said to them, The Son of Man is going to be delivered into the hands of men. They will kill him, and after three days he will rise.
32 But they did not understand what he meant and were afraid to ask him about it.
33 They came to Capernaum. When he was in the house, he asked them, What were you arguing about on the road?
34 But they kept quiet because on the way they had argued about who was the greatest.
35 Sitting down, Jesus called the Twelve and said, Anyone who wants to be first must be the very last, and the servant of all.
36 He took a little child whom he placed among them. Taking the child in his arms, he said to them,
37 Whoever welcomes one of these little children in my name welcomes me; and whoever welcomes me does not welcome me but the one who sent me.
38 Teacher, said John, we saw someone driving out demons in your name and we told him to stop, because he was not one of us.
39 Do not stop him, Jesus said. For no one who does a miracle in my name can in the next moment say anything bad about me,
40 for whoever is not against us is for us.
41 Truly I tell you, anyone who gives you a cup of water in my name because you belong to the Messiah will certainly not lose their reward.
42 If anyone causes one of these little ones - those who believe in me - to stumble, it would be better for them if a large millstone were hung around their neck and they were thrown into the sea.
43 If your hand causes you to stumble, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life maimed than with two hands to go into hell, where the fire never goes out.
45 And if your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than to have two feet and be thrown into hell.
47 And if your eye causes you to stumble, pluck it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into hell,
48 where their worm does not die, and the fire is not quenched.
49 Everyone will be salted with fire.
50 Salt is good, but if it loses its saltiness, how can you make it salty again? Have salt among yourselves, and be at peace with each other.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 9
1 Et post dies sex assumit Jesus Petrum, et Jacobum, et Joannem - After six days takes Peter, James, John - six days after confession at Caesarea Philippi, seorsum solos = apart alone, in montem excelsum = high mountain traditionally Tabor or Hermon.
2 Vestimenta ejus facta sunt splendentia, et candida nimis velut nix, qualia fullo non potest super terram candida facere - Garments made shining and white like snow, as fuller cannot whiten - transfiguratus = transformed, splendentia = dazzling, fullo = fuller, bleacher.
3 Apparuit illis Elias cum Moyse: et erant loquentes cum Jesu - Appeared Elijah with Moses talking with Jesus - Moses Law, Elijah Prophets, Law and Prophets witness to Christ.
4 Faciamus tria tabernacula - Let us make three tabernacles - tabernacula = tents, shelters, feast of Tabernacles? Peter wants to stay.
6 Non enim sciebat quid diceret: erant enim timore exterriti - Did not know what to say, struck with fear - Mark honest.
6 Nubes obumbrans eos: et venit vox de nube, dicens: Hic est Filius meus carissimus: audite illum - Cloud overshadowing, voice from cloud: This is my most beloved Son, hear him - nubes = Shekinah cloud, carissimus = beloved, audite = listen, Deuteronomy 18:15 listen to prophet.
8 Neminem amplius viderunt, nisi Jesum tantum secum - Saw no one but Jesus only with them - Jesus alone remains.
9 Ne cuiquam quæ vidissent, narrarent: nisi cum Filius hominis a mortuis resurrexerit - Tell no one until Son of Man risen from dead - again Messianic secret, resurrection clarifies transfiguration.
10 Conquirentes quid esset, cum a mortuis resurrexerit - Questioning what rising from dead meant - resurrection unknown concept.
11 Quid ergo dicunt... quia Eliam oportet venire primum? - Why say Elijah must come first? - Malachi 4:5.
12 Elias cum venerit primo, restituet omnia: et quomodo scriptum est in Filium hominis, ut multa patiatur et contemnatur - Elijah when comes first restores all things, and how written Son of Man must suffer much and be despised - both coming of Elijah and suffering of Messiah predicted.
13 Elias venit (et fecerunt illi quæcumque voluerunt) - Elijah came and they did to him whatever they wanted - John the Baptist as Elijah figure, beheaded.
16 Habentem spiritum mutum - Having mute spirit - spirit causes muteness.
17 Ubicumque eum apprehenderit, allidit illum, et spumat, et stridet dentibus, et arescit - Wherever seizes him, dashes him, foams, gnashes teeth, withers - symptoms: epilepsy? Demonic violence, allidit = throws down, spumat = foams, stridet = grinds teeth, arescit = pines away.
18 O generatio incredula, quamdiu apud vos ero? - O unbelieving generation, how long be with you? - reproach to disciples and crowd.
20 Spiritus conturbavit illum: et elisus in terram, volutabatur spumans - Spirit troubled him, dashed to ground, rolled foaming - visible battle.
21 Ab infantia - From infancy - long possession.
22 In ignem, et in aquas misit ut eum perderet - Into fire and waters to destroy him - attempts to kill.
22 Si quid potes, adjuva nos, misertus nostri - If you can do anything, help us having pity - father's weak faith: si quid potes = if you can.
23 Si potes credere, omnia possibilia sunt credenti - If you can believe, all things possible to believer - Jesus shifts from my ability to your faith, Si potes credere = condition.
24 Credo, Domine; adjuva incredulitatem meam - I believe, help my unbelief - cry with tears, simultaneous faith and doubt, honest prayer.
25 Surde et mute spiritus, ego præcipio tibi, exi ab eo: et amplius ne introëas in eum - Deaf and mute spirit, I command you go out and enter no more - command with authority, permanent.
25 Multum discerpens eum, exiit - Greatly tearing, went out - discerpens = convulsing violently.
28 Hoc genus in nullo potest exire, nisi in oratione et jejunio - This kind cannot go out except by prayer and fasting - hoc genus = this kind of demon, stronger, requires spiritual preparation, some manuscripts omit jejunio.
30 Docebat discipulos... Filius hominis tradetur in manus hominum, et occident eum - Taught disciples Son of Man will be delivered into hands of men and killed - second passion prediction, tradetur = betrayed.
33 Quid in via tractabatis? - What were you discussing on road? - tractabatis = arguing, debating.
33 Quis eorum major esset - Who greatest - human ambition after talk of cross.
34 Si quis vult primus esse, erit omnium novissimus, et omnium minister - If wants to be first, will be last of all and servant of all - inversion.
36 Quisquis unum ex hujusmodi pueris receperit in nomine meo - Who receives one such child in my name - puer = small child, insignificant, receperit = welcomes.
37 Vidimus quemdam in nomine tuo ejicientem dæmonia, qui non sequitur nos, et prohibuimus eum - Saw someone casting out demons in your name who does not follow us and we forbade - exclusivism of John.
38-39 Nolite prohibere eum... qui non est adversum vos, pro vobis est - Do not forbid... who not against you is for you - tolerance, Matthew 12:30 opposite: who not with me against me - both true.
41 Calicem aquæ in nomine meo, quia Christi estis - Cup of water in my name because you are Christ's - smallest kindness rewarded.
42 Scandalizaverit unum ex his pusillis - Causes one of these little ones to stumble - scandalizaverit = cause to sin, stumble, pusillis = little ones, mola asinaria = millstone turned by donkey, huge stone, better drown than cause scandal.
43-47 Si scandalizaverit te manus tua, abscide illam... - If hand scandalizes you cut it off... - hyperbole, not literal self-mutilation but radical amputation of sin causes, gehennam = Gehenna, Valley of Hinnom outside Jerusalem where trash burned, symbol of hell, ignem inextinguibilem = unquenchable fire.
43 Ubi vermis eorum non moritur, et ignis non extinguitur - Where worm does not die and fire not extinguished - Isaiah 66:24, eternal punishment.
48 Omnis enim igne salietur, et omnis victima sale salietur - Everyone will be salted with fire, every sacrifice salted with salt - difficult: salietur = salted, fire purifies, Leviticus 2:13 sacrifices salted.
49 Bonum est sal: quod si sal insulsum fuerit, in quo illud condietis? - Good is salt, if salt becomes insipid, with what season? - insulsum = tasteless, disciples are salt, if lose distinctiveness useless, habete sal et pacem = have salt and peace among you, after argument about greatness.
Mark 10
1 Jesus then left that place and went into the region of Judea and across the Jordan. Again crowds of people came to him, and as was his custom, he taught them.
2 Some Pharisees came and tested him by asking, Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?
3 What did Moses command you? he replied.
4 They said, Moses permitted a man to write a certificate of divorce and send her away.
5 It was because your hearts were hard that Moses wrote you this law, Jesus replied.
6 But at the beginning of creation God made them male and female.
7 For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife,
8 and the two will become one flesh. So they are no longer two, but one flesh.
9 Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.
10 When they were in the house again, the disciples asked Jesus about this.
11 He answered, Anyone who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery against her.
12 And if she divorces her husband and marries another man, she commits adultery.
13 People were bringing little children to Jesus for him to place his hands on them, but the disciples rebuked them.
14 When Jesus saw this, he was indignant. He said to them, Let the little children come to me, and do not hinder them, for the kingdom of God belongs to such as these.
15 Truly I tell you, anyone who will not receive the kingdom of God like a little child will never enter it.
16 And he took the children in his arms, placed his hands on them and blessed them.
17 As Jesus started on his way, a man ran up to him and fell on his knees before him. Good teacher, he asked, what must I do to inherit eternal life?
18 Why do you call me good? Jesus answered. No one is good - except God alone.
19 You know the commandments: You shall not murder, you shall not commit adultery, you shall not steal, you shall not give false testimony, you shall not defraud, honor your father and mother.
20 Teacher, he declared, all these I have kept since I was a boy.
21 Jesus looked at him and loved him. One thing you lack, he said. Go, sell everything you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.
22 At this the man's face fell. He went away sad, because he had great wealth.
23 Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, How hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God!
24 The disciples were amazed at his words. But Jesus said again, Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God!
25 It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of God.
26 The disciples were even more amazed, and said to each other, Who then can be saved?
27 Jesus looked at them and said, With man this is impossible, but not with God; all things are possible with God.
28 Then Peter spoke up, We have left everything to follow you!
29 Truly I tell you, Jesus replied, no one who has left home or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields for me and the gospel
30 will fail to receive a hundred times as much in this present age: homes, brothers, sisters, mothers, children and fields - along with persecutions - and in the age to come eternal life.
31 But many who are first will be last, and the last first.
32 They were on their way up to Jerusalem, with Jesus leading the way, and the disciples were astonished, while those who followed were afraid. Again he took the Twelve aside and told them what was going to happen to him.
33 We are going up to Jerusalem, he said, and the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and the teachers of the law. They will condemn him to death and will hand him over to the Gentiles,
34 who will mock him and spit on him, flog him and kill him. Three days later he will rise.
35 Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to him. Teacher, they said, we want you to do for us whatever we ask.
36 What do you want me to do for you? he asked.
37 They replied, Let one of us sit at your right and the other at your left in your glory.
38 You don't know what you are asking, Jesus said. Can you drink the cup I drink or be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with?
39 We can, they answered. Jesus said to them, You will drink the cup I drink and be baptized with the baptism I am baptized with,
40 but to sit at my right or left is not for me to grant. These places belong to those for whom they have been prepared.
41 When the ten heard about this, they became indignant with James and John.
42 Jesus called them together and said, You know that those who are regarded as rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them.
43 Not so with you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant,
44 and whoever wants to be first must be slave of all.
45 For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.
46 Then they came to Jericho. As Jesus and his disciples, together with a large crowd, were leaving the city, a blind man, Bartimaeus (which means son of Timaeus), was sitting by the roadside begging.
47 When he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to shout, Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!
48 Many rebuked him and told him to be quiet, but he shouted all the more, Son of David, have mercy on me!
49 Jesus stopped and said, Call him. So they called to the blind man, Cheer up! On your feet! He's calling you.
50 Throwing his cloak aside, he jumped to his feet and came to Jesus.
51 What do you want me to do for you? Jesus asked him. The blind man said, Rabbi, I want to see.
52 Go, said Jesus, your faith has healed you. Immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus along the road.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 10
1 Fines Judææ ultra Jordanem - Borders of Judea beyond Jordan - south, last journey to Jerusalem, sicut consueverat iterum docebat = as accustomed again taught.
2 Si licet viro uxorem dimittere: tentantes eum - If lawful for man to divorce wife, testing - trap, Herod case, also divide schools of Hillel (easy divorce) vs Shammai.
4 Libellum repudii - Bill of divorce - Deuteronomy 24:1-4 Moses permitted writing.
5 Ad duritiam cordis vestri - Because of hardness of heart - duritiam = hard, stubborn, Moses concession not ideal.
6 Ab initio creaturæ masculum et feminam fecit eos Deus - From beginning of creation male and female made them - Genesis 1:27.
7 Relinquet homo patrem et matrem, et adhærebit ad uxorem - Man leaves father and mother and cleaves to wife - Genesis 2:24, adhærebit = glue, stick.
8 Erunt duo in carne una - Two in one flesh - una caro = one flesh.
9 Quod Deus conjunxit, homo non separet - What God joined, man not separate - conjunxit = yoked together.
12 Si uxor dimiserit virum suum - If wife divorces husband - Mark includes wives divorcing, Roman/Greek law allowed, Jewish generally not, but Herodias did, Mark writing to Romans.
13 Offerebant illi parvulos ut tangeret illos - Offered little children to touch - parvulos = small children.
14 Indigne tulit - Took it indignantly - indigne = displeased, angry, sinite parvulos = let little children come, talium est regnum = of such is kingdom, children model of reception.
15 Velut parvulus - As little child - humility, trust.
16 Complexans eos - Embracing them - tender.
17 Procurrens... genu flexo... Magister bone, quid faciam ut vitam æternam percipiam? - Running, knee bent, Good Master what shall I do to inherit eternal life? - rich young man, enthusiastic.
18 Quid me dicis bonum? nemo bonus, nisi unus Deus - Why call me good? None good but one God - challenge: recognize divinity?
19 Præcepta nosti... ne fraudem feceris - You know commandments... do not defraud - Mark adds ne fraudem feceris = do not defraud, tenth commandment application to rich?
20 Hæc omnia observavi a juventute mea - All observed from youth - sincere but incomplete.
21 Intuitus eum, dilexit eum - Looking at him loved him - dilexit = loved, unum tibi deest: vade quæcumque habes vende - one thing lacking, go sell whatever you have - radical demand.
22 Contristatus in verbo, abiit mœrens: erat enim habens multas possessiones - Saddened at word went away mourning, had many possessions - contristatus = gloomy, mœrens = grieving.
23 Quam difficile qui pecunias habent, in regnum Dei introibunt! - How difficult those having riches will enter - pecunias = money, possessions.
25 Facilius est camelum per foramen acus transire, quam divitem intrare in regnum Dei - Easier camel through eye of needle than rich enter - hyperbole, camelum = largest animal Palestine, foramen acus = eye of needle, impossibility.
27 Apud homines impossibile est, sed non apud Deum - With men impossible but not with God - impossible becomes possible by grace.
30 Centies tantum... cum persecutionibus - Hundred times as much... with persecutions - promise includes persecutions, not prosperity alone.
32 Erant in via ascendentes Jerosolymam: et præcedebat illos Jesus, et stupebant: et sequentes timebant - On way going up to Jerusalem, Jesus went before, they were amazed and followers feared - præcedebat = leading boldly to death, ominous.
33-34 Filius hominis tradetur... damnabunt... tradent gentibus: et illudent ei, et conspuent eum, et flagellabunt eum, et interficient eum: et tertia die resurget - Son of Man will be delivered... condemn... hand to Gentiles, mock, spit, scourge, kill, third day rise - third and most detailed passion prediction.
35 Volumus ut quodcumque petierimus, facias nobis - Want whatever we ask you do for us - presumptuous.
37 Da nobis ut unus ad dexteram tuam, et alius ad sinistram tuam sedeamus in gloria tua - Grant one at right other at left sit in your glory - seats of power.
38 Potestis bibere calicem, quem ego bibo, aut baptismo, quo ego baptizor, baptizari? - Can you drink chalice I drink or baptism I am baptized? - calicem = cup of suffering, Psalm 75, baptism = immersion in suffering.
39 Calicem... bibetis - Cup you will drink - James martyred Acts 12, John exiled.
42 Qui videntur principari gentibus, dominantur eis - Those seem to rule Gentiles lord over them - dominantur = domineer.
45 Filius hominis non venit ut ministraretur ei, sed ut ministraret, et daret animam suam redemptionem pro multis - Son of Man not came to be ministered but to minister and give life as ransom for many - key verse, ministraret = serve, redemptionem = ransom price, lutron, for many = pro multis, Mark of atonement.
46 Filius Timæi Bartimæus cæcus - Son of Timaeus Bartimaeus blind - Mark explains Aramaic Bar = son, Timaeus name, beggar by road near Jericho, last miracle before Jerusalem entry.
47 Jesu fili David, miserere mei - Jesus Son of David have mercy - Messianic title, Bartimaeus sees what Pharisees blind to.
49 Animæquior esto: surge, vocat te - Be of good cheer, rise, he calls you - animæquior = more courageous.
50 Projecto vestimento suo exiliens - Throwing off garment leaping - vestimento = cloak, perhaps only possession, abandoning for Christ.
51 Rabboni, ut videam - Rabboni, that I may see - Rabboni = my master, dear teacher.
52 Fides tua te salvum fecit - Faith made you saved - salvum = whole, healed, saved, sequebatur eum in via = followed him on way, road to Jerusalem, discipleship.
Mark 11
1 As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage and Bethany at the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent two of his disciples,
2 saying to them, Go to the village ahead of you, and just as you enter it, you will find a colt tied there, which no one has ever ridden. Untie it and bring it here.
3 If anyone asks you, Why are you doing this? say, The Lord needs it and will send it back here shortly.
4 They went and found a colt outside in the street, tied at a doorway. As they untied it,
5 some people standing there asked, What are you doing, untying that colt?
6 They answered as Jesus had told them to, and the people let them go.
7 When they brought the colt to Jesus and threw their cloaks over it, he sat on it.
8 Many people spread their cloaks on the road, while others spread branches they had cut in the fields.
9 Those who went ahead and those who followed shouted, Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!
10 Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David! Hosanna in the highest heaven!
11 Jesus entered Jerusalem and went into the temple courts. He looked around at everything, but since it was already late, he went out to Bethany with the Twelve.
12 The next day as they were leaving Bethany, Jesus was hungry.
13 Seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, he went to find out if it had any fruit. When he reached it, he found nothing but leaves, because it was not the season for figs.
14 Then he said to the tree, May no one ever eat fruit from you again. And his disciples heard him say it.
15 On reaching Jerusalem, Jesus entered the temple courts and began driving out those who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the benches of those selling doves,
16 and would not allow anyone to carry merchandise through the temple courts.
17 And as he taught them, he said, Is it not written: My house will be called a house of prayer for all nations? But you have made it a den of robbers.
18 The chief priests and the teachers of the law heard this and began looking for a way to kill him, for they feared him, because the whole crowd was amazed at his teaching.
19 When evening came, Jesus and his disciples went out of the city.
20 In the morning, as they went along, they saw the fig tree withered from the roots.
21 Peter remembered and said to Jesus, Rabbi, look! The fig tree you cursed has withered!
22 Have faith in God, Jesus answered.
23 Truly I tell you, if anyone says to this mountain, Go, throw yourself into the sea, and does not doubt in their heart but believes that what they say will happen, it will be done for them.
24 Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask for in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours.
25 And when you stand praying, if you hold anything against anyone, forgive them, so that your Father in heaven may forgive you your sins.
26 If you refuse to forgive others, your Father in heaven will not forgive your sins either.
27 They arrived again in Jerusalem, and while Jesus was walking in the temple courts, the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders came to him.
28 By what authority are you doing these things? they asked. And who gave you authority to do this?
29 Jesus replied, I will ask you one question. Answer me, and I will tell you by what authority I am doing these things.
30 John's baptism - was it from heaven, or of human origin? Tell me!
31 They discussed it among themselves and said, If we say, From heaven, he will ask, Then why didn't you believe him?
32 But if we say, Of human origin... They feared the people, for everyone held that John really was a prophet.
33 So they answered Jesus, We don't know. Jesus said, Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 11
1 Cum appropinquarent Jerosolymæ et Bethaniæ ad montem Olivarum - When drew near Jerusalem and Bethany to Mount of Olives - appropinquarent = approaching, final approach, Bethany 2 miles from Jerusalem.
2 Ite in castellum, quod contra vos est... invenietis pullum ligatum, super quem nemo adhuc hominum sedit - Go into village opposite you... find colt tied on which no man yet sat - castellum = village (Bethphage), pullum = young colt, donkey, nemo adhuc sedit = never ridden, unused for sacred purpose.
3 Domino necessarius est: et continuo illum dimittet huc - Lord has need of him and immediately will send him hither - Dominus = Lord, Master, Jesus uses divine claim.
4 Ante januam foris in bivio - Before gate outside at crossroads - bivio = meeting of two roads, detail Mark eyewitness.
8 Vestimenta sua straverunt in via: alii frondes cædebant de arboribus - Garments spread in way, others cut branches from trees - royal welcome, 2 Kings 9:13.
9 Hosanna: benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini - Hosanna, blessed who comes in name of Lord - Hosanna = Hebrew Hoshia-na = save now, Psalm 118:25-26 pilgrim psalm.
10 Benedictum quod venit regnum patris nostri David - Blessed the coming kingdom of our father David - kingdom expectation, hosanna in excelsis = hosanna in highest heavens.
11 Introivit Jerosolymam in templum: et circumspectis omnibus - Entered Jerusalem into temple, having looked round at all - circumspectis = surveying, inspection, vespera = evening, goes back to Bethany for night, Triumphal entry first day of Holy Week, Sunday.
12 Alia die cum exirent a Bethania, esuriit - Next day leaving Bethany, was hungry - human hunger.
13 Ficum habentem folia... nihil invenit præter folia: non enim erat tempus ficorum - Fig having leaves... found nothing but leaves, not time for figs - fig leaves early before fruit, shows promise but no fruit, symbol of Israel leafy but fruitless.
14 Jam non amplius in æternum ex te fructum quisquam manducet - No longer forever let anyone eat fruit from you - prophetic judgment on fruitless Israel, malediction.
15 Ejicere vendentes et ementes in templo: et mensas numulariorum, et cathedras vendentium columbas evertit - Cast out buying and selling in temple, tables of money changers and seats of dove sellers overturned - numulariorum = money changers exchanging Tyrian shekels for Temple tax, cathedras = seats/stalls, doves for poor offering, marketplace in Court of Gentiles preventing prayer.
16 Non sinebat ut quisquam transferret vas per templum - Did not allow anyone to carry vessel through temple - vas = vessel, shortcut carrying goods through temple courts irreverent.
17 Domus mea, domus orationis vocabitur omnibus gentibus? vos autem fecistis eam speluncam latronum - My house shall be called house of prayer for all nations? You made den of robbers - Isaiah 56:7 house for all nations (Gentiles), Jeremiah 7:11 den of robbers, speluncam latronum = hideout of thieves exploiting worship.
19 Vespera facta... egrediebatur de civitate - Evening came, went out of city - nightly retreat to Bethany.
20 Ficum aridam factam a radicibus - Fig dried up from roots - aridam = withered, a radicibus = from roots, complete judgment.
22 Habete fidem Dei - Have faith of God - genitive, faith in God, or have God's faith, trust like God.
23 Huic monti: Tollere, et mittere in mare... non hæsitaverit in corde suo - To this mountain: Be taken and cast into sea, not waver in heart - mountain = Mount of Olives? Temple mount? Hyperbole for impossible, hæsitaverit = hesitate, doubt.
24 Omnia quæcumque orantes petitis, credite quia accipietis, et evenient vobis - Whatever praying you ask, believe you will receive and it will happen - principle of believing prayer.
25 Cum stabitis ad orandum, dimittite si quid habetis adversus aliquem - When you stand praying, forgive if you have anything against someone - stabitis = standing posture of prayer, dimittite = forgive, condition for forgiveness, verse 26 not in some manuscripts but in Clementine: if you don't forgive, Father won't forgive.
27 Summi sacerdotes, et scribæ, et seniores - Chief priests, scribes, elders - Sanhedrin three groups.
28 In qua potestate hæc facis? - By what authority do you do these? - question about Triumphal entry and cleansing.
30 Baptismus Joannis, de cælo erat, an ex hominibus? - Baptism of John, from heaven or from men? - de cælo = divine origin, trap reversed.
32 Timemus populum: omnes enim habebant Joannem quia vere propheta esset - Fear people, all held John was truly prophet - dilemma.
33 Nescimus - We do not know - dishonest evasion, Neque ego dico vobis - Neither I tell you - Jesus refuses to answer those who refuse truth.
Mark 12
1 Jesus then began to speak to them in parables: A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a pit for the winepress and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place.
2 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard.
3 But they seized him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed.
4 Then he sent another servant to them; they struck this man on the head and treated him shamefully.
5 He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed.
6 He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all, saying, They will respect my son.
7 But the tenants said to one another, This is the heir. Come, let's kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.
8 So they took him and killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.
9 What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others.
10 Haven't you read this passage of Scripture: The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone;
11 the Lord has done this, and it is marvelous in our eyes?
12 Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them. But they were afraid of the crowd; so they left him and went away.
13 Later they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians to Jesus to catch him in his words.
14 They came to him and said, Teacher, we know that you are a man of integrity. You aren't swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are; but you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it right to pay the imperial tax to Caesar or not?
15 Should we pay or shouldn't we? But Jesus knew their hypocrisy. Why are you trying to trap me? he asked. Bring me a denarius and let me look at it.
16 They brought the coin, and he asked them, Whose image is this? And whose inscription? Caesar's, they replied.
17 Then Jesus said to them, Give back to Caesar what is Caesar's and to God what is God's. And they were amazed at him.
18 Then the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to him with a question.
19 Teacher, they said, Moses wrote for us that if a man's brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.
20 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died without leaving any children.
21 The second one married the widow, but he also died, leaving no child. It was the same with the third.
22 In fact, none of the seven left any children. Last of all, the woman died too.
23 At the resurrection whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?
24 Jesus replied, Are you not in error because you do not know the Scriptures or the power of God?
25 When the dead rise, they will neither marry nor be given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven.
26 Now about the dead rising - have you not read in the Book of Moses, in the account of the burning bush, how God said to him, I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?
27 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are badly mistaken!
28 One of the teachers of the law came and heard them debating. Noticing that Jesus had given them a good answer, he asked him, Of all the commandments, which is the most important?
29 The most important one, answered Jesus, is this: Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one.
30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.
31 The second is this: Love your neighbor as yourself. There is no commandment greater than these.
32 Well said, teacher, the man replied. You are right in saying that God is one and there is no other but him.
33 To love him with all your heart, with all your understanding and with all your strength, and to love your neighbor as yourself is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.
34 When Jesus saw that he had answered wisely, he said to him, You are not far from the kingdom of God. And from then on no one dared ask him any more questions.
35 While Jesus was teaching in the temple courts, he asked, Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is the son of David?
36 David himself, speaking by the Holy Spirit, declared: The Lord said to my Lord: Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet.
37 David himself calls him Lord. How then can he be his son? The large crowd listened to him with delight.
38 As he taught, Jesus said, Watch out for the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and be greeted with respect in the marketplaces,
39 and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.
40 They devour widows' houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.
41 Jesus sat down opposite the place where the offerings were put and watched the crowd putting their money into the temple treasury. Many rich people threw in large amounts.
42 But a poor widow came and put in two very small copper coins, worth only a few cents.
43 Calling his disciples to him, Jesus said, Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more into the treasury than all the others.
44 They all gave out of their wealth; but she, out of her poverty, put in everything - all she had to live on.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 12
1 Vineam pastinavit homo, et circumdedit sepem, et fodit lacum, et ædificavit turrim, et locavit eam agricolis - Vineyard planted, hedged, dug pit, built tower, rented to farmers - pastinavit = planted/dug, sepem = hedge, lacum = wine vat pit, turrim = watchtower, all from Isaiah 5, image of Israel.
2 Misit ad agricolas servum ut acciperet de fructu vineæ - Sent servant to receive fruit - servus = slave, prophets sent.
6 Unum habens filium carissimum... reverebuntur filium meum - Having one most beloved son... they will reverence my son - carissimum = dearest, final chance, Son = Christ.
7 Hic est hæres: venite, occidamus eum: et nostra erit hæreditas - This is heir, come kill him and inheritance ours - colonis = tenants think killing heir makes property theirs.
10 Lapidem quem reprobaverunt ædificantes, hic factus est in caput anguli - Stone rejected by builders became head of corner - Psalm 118:22, reprobaverunt = rejected, caput anguli = cornerstone, Jesus rejected stone becomes foundation.
12 Cognoverunt quoniam ad eos parabolam dixerit - Knew parable spoken against them - self-awareness.
13 Mittunt ad eum quosdam ex pharisæis, et herodianis, ut eum caperent in verbo - Send Pharisees and Herodians to catch in word - pharisees anti-Roman, herodians pro-Roman, alliance to trap.
14 Licet dari tributum Cæsari, an non dabimus? - Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar? - tributum = poll tax, trap: if yes offends Jews, if no treason to Rome.
15 Versutiam illorum - Craftiness - versutia = slyness, denarium = denarius day wage, Roman coin with image.
16 Cujus est imago hæc, et inscriptio? - Whose image and inscription? - imago = Caesar's portrait, claim of ownership.
17 Reddite quæ sunt Cæsaris, Cæsari: et quæ sunt Dei, Deo - Render Caesar's to Caesar, God's to God - reddite = give back, principle of two spheres, Caesar's image on coin, God's image on man.
18 Sadducæi, qui dicunt resurrectionem non esse - Sadducees who say no resurrection - Sadducees aristocrats, deny angels, resurrection.
19 Si cujus frater mortuus... accipiat frater uxorem et resuscitet semen fratri - If brother dies... brother take wife and raise seed - levirate law Deuteronomy 25:5.
24 Nonne ideo erratis, non scientes Scripturas, neque virtutem Dei? - Do you not err because know not Scriptures nor power of God? - double ignorance.
25 Neque nubent, neque nubentur, sed sunt sicut angeli in cælis - Neither marry nor given in marriage, but like angels - resurrection life different, not married, like angels in immortality.
26 In libro Moysi, super rubum - In book of Moses, at the bush - super rubum = at passage of bush, Exodus 3, Ego sum Deus Abraham... - I AM God of Abraham, present tense implies patriarchs still living.
27 Non est Deus mortuorum, sed vivorum - Not God of dead but living - argument: God still God of Abraham means Abraham lives.
29 Primum mandatum: Audi Israël, Dominus Deus tuus, Deus unus est - First command: Hear O Israel, Lord God one - Shema Deuteronomy 6:4, Jewish daily prayer.
30 Diliges Dominum Deum tuum ex toto corde tuo... - Love Lord with whole heart, soul, mind, strength - Deut 6:5 Mark adds mente = mind.
31 Diliges proximum tuum tamquam teipsum - Love neighbor as yourself - Leviticus 19:18.
33 Majus est omnibus holocautomatibus, et sacrificiis - Greater than all holocausts and sacrifices - holocaustum = whole burnt offering, scribe grasps.
34 Non es longe a regno Dei - Not far from kingdom - near but not yet inside, needs to follow.
36 Dixit Dominus Domino meo: Sede a dextris meis, donec ponam inimicos tuos scabellum pedum tuorum - Lord said to my Lord: Sit at my right until make enemies footstool - Psalm 110:1, David calls descendant Lord, how? Because Messiah more than David's son, David in Holy Spirit.
40 Devorant domos viduarum sub obtentu prolixæ orationis - Devour houses of widows under pretext of long prayer - devorant = consume estates as legal guardians, prolixæ orationis = long prayer show.
41 Contra gazophylacium... quomodo turba jactaret æs in gazophylacium - Opposite treasury... how crowd cast money into treasury - gazophylacium = treasury chests, 13 trumpet-shaped chests in Court of Women, jactaret æs = throw copper money, noisy.
42 Vidua una pauper, misit duo minuta, quod est quadrans - Poor widow sent two mites which is quadrans - minuta = lepta smallest coin, quadrans = Roman farthing, 1/64 denarius, almost nothing.
44 Ex eo quod abundabat... de penuria sua omnia quæ habuit misit totum victum suum - From abundance... from want all she had sent whole living - abundabat = abundance, penuria = lack, want, totum victum = whole livelihood, generosity measured not amount but sacrifice.
Mark 13
1 As Jesus was leaving the temple, one of his disciples said to him, Look, Teacher! What massive stones! What magnificent buildings!
2 Do you see all these great buildings? replied Jesus. Not one stone here will be left on another; every one will be thrown down.
3 As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John and Andrew asked him privately,
4 Tell us, when will these things happen? And what will be the sign that they are all about to be fulfilled?
5 Jesus said to them: Watch out that no one deceives you.
6 Many will come in my name, claiming, I am he, and will deceive many.
7 When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, do not be alarmed. Such things must happen, but the end is still to come.
8 Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and famines. These are the beginning of birth pains.
9 You must be on your guard. You will be handed over to the local councils and flogged in the synagogues. On account of me you will stand before governors and kings as witnesses to them.
10 And the gospel must first be preached to all nations.
11 Whenever you are arrested and brought to trial, do not worry beforehand about what to say. Just say whatever is given you at the time, for it is not you speaking, but the Holy Spirit.
12 Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rebel against their parents and have them put to death.
13 Everyone will hate you because of me, but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved.
14 When you see the abomination that causes desolation standing where it does not belong - let the reader understand - then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains.
15 Let no one on the housetop go down or enter the house to take anything out.
16 Let no one in the field go back to get their cloak.
17 How dreadful it will be in those days for pregnant women and nursing mothers!
18 Pray that this will not take place in winter,
19 because those will be days of distress unequaled from the beginning, when God created the world, until now - and never to be equaled again.
20 If the Lord had not cut short those days, no one would survive. But for the sake of the elect, whom he has chosen, he has shortened them.
21 At that time if anyone says to you, Look, here is the Messiah! or, Look, there he is! do not believe it.
22 For false messiahs and false prophets will appear and perform signs and wonders to deceive, if possible, even the elect.
23 So be on your guard; I have told you everything ahead of time.
24 But in those days, following that distress, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light;
25 the stars will fall from the sky, and the heavenly bodies will be shaken.
26 At that time people will see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory.
27 And he will send his angels and gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of the heavens.
28 Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its twigs get tender and its leaves come out, you know that summer is near.
29 Even so, when you see these things happening, you know that it is near, right at the door.
30 Truly I tell you, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened.
31 Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.
32 But about that day or hour no one knows, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.
33 Be on guard! Be alert! You do not know when that time will come.
34 It's like a man going away: He leaves his house and puts his servants in charge, each with their assigned task, and tells the one at the door to keep watch.
35 Therefore keep watch because you do not know when the owner of the house will come back - whether in the evening, or at midnight, or when the rooster crows, or at dawn.
36 If he comes suddenly, do not let him find you sleeping.
37 What I say to you, I say to everyone: Watch!
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 13
1 Cum egrederetur de templo... aspice quales lapides, et quales structuræ - Leaving temple... see what stones and what buildings - Herod's Temple massive stones, white limestone, gilded, wonder of world.
2 Vides has omnes magnas ædificationes? Non relinquetur lapis super lapidem - See all great buildings? Not stone left on stone - prophecy of destruction 70 AD by Romans, fulfilled.
3 Cum sederet in monte Olivarum contra templum - Sitting on Mount of Olives opposite temple - eastern view of Temple, separatim = privately four disciples Peter James John Andrew inner circle.
4 Dic nobis, quando ista fient? et quod signum erit? - Tell us when and what sign? - question about end.
5 Videte ne quis vos seducat - See that no one deceives you - first warning deception.
6 Ego sum - I am he - claim Messiah.
7 Bella, et opiniones bellorum... oportet hæc fieri: sed nondum finis - Wars and rumors, must happen but not yet end - oportet = must.
8 Initium dolorum - Beginning of birth pains - dolorum = sorrows, birth pains, first contractions.
9 Videte vosmetipsos. Tradent vos in consiliis, et in synagogis vapulabitis - Watch yourselves, will deliver you to councils and in synagogues be beaten - consiliis = Sanhedrins, vapulabitis = flogged.
10 In omnes gentes primum oportet prædicari Evangelium - To all nations first gospel must be preached - worldwide mission before end.
11 Nolite præcogitare quid loquamini... non enim vos estis loquentes, sed Spiritus Sanctus - Do not premeditate what to speak, not you speaking but Holy Spirit - promise of inspiration under persecution.
14 Abominationem desolationis stantem, ubi non debet, qui legit, intelligat - Abomination of desolation standing where ought not, reader understand - Daniel 9:27, 11:31, 12:11, abomination = desecrating idol, Roman standards? Antichrist? Mark aside qui legit intelligat = let reader understand, cryptic, tunc qui in Judæa sunt fugiant in montes - then those in Judea flee to mountains, urgent escape, historical Christians fled to Pella before 70.
15 Qui super tectum, ne descendat... - One on roof not go down - flat roofs with outside stairs, no time to pack, urgency.
17 Væ prægnantibus et nutrientibus - Woe to pregnant and nursing - difficulty fleeing.
18 Orate ut hieme non fiant - Pray not happen in winter - winter rains, swollen streams, cold makes escape hard.
19 Tribulationes tales quales non fuerunt ab initio creaturæ - Tribulations such as not from beginning of creation - hyperbole for great distress.
20 Nisi breviasset Dominus dies, non fuisset salva omnis caro - Unless Lord shortened days no flesh saved - breviasset = cut short, for elect's sake shortened.
22 Pseudochristi et pseudoprophetæ, et dabunt signa et portenta ad seducendos, si fieri potest, etiam electos - False Christs and false prophets will give signs and wonders to deceive if possible even elect - pseudochristi = false messiahs, portenta = portents, miracles but false.
24 Sol contenebrabitur, et luna non dabit splendorem suum - Sun darkened, moon not give brightness - cosmic signs after tribulation, Old Testament prophetic language.
26 Videbunt Filium hominis venientem in nubibus cum virtute multa et gloria - Will see Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory - Daniel 7:13, second coming.
27 Mittet angelos suos, et congregabit electos suos a quatuor ventis, a summo terræ usque ad summum cæli - Send angels gather elect from four winds from end of earth to end of heaven - angels gather, universal gathering.
28 A ficu discite parabolam. Cum ramus tener et folia nata - Learn parable from fig tree, when branch tender and leaves born - fig tree earlier cursed, now sign of summer, in proximo sit æstas = summer near.
30 Non transibit generatio hæc - This generation will not pass - generation that sees beginning? Or generation alive then until Temple destroyed? Debate.
31 Cælum et terra transibunt, verba autem mea non transibunt - Heaven and earth will pass, my words not pass - absolute certainty.
32 De die illo vel hora nemo scit, neque angeli in cælo, neque Filius, nisi Pater - Of that day or hour no one knows, nor angels, nor Son, but Father - mystery, neque Filius = not Son in human knowledge? Theological difficulty, but as man Jesus limited knowledge voluntarily.
33 Videte, vigilate, et orate - See, watch, pray - triple watchword.
34 Homo qui peregre profectus reliquit domum... dedit servis potestatem cujusque operis, et janitori præcepit ut vigilet - Man going far away left house gave servants authority each of work and porter to watch - parable of absent master, janitor = doorkeeper.
35 Sero, an media nocte, an galli cantu, an mane - Evening, midnight, cockcrow, morning - four Roman watches of night, uncertainty.
37 Quod vobis dico, omnibus dico: Vigilate - What I say to you, I say to all: Watch - final word Watch, vigilate = be awake, key of chapter.
Mark 14
1 Now the Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread were only two days away, and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were scheming to arrest Jesus secretly and kill him.
2 But not during the festival, they said, or the people may riot.
3 While he was in Bethany, reclining at the table in the home of Simon the Leper, a woman came with an alabaster jar of very expensive perfume, made of pure nard. She broke the jar and poured the perfume on his head.
4 Some of those present were saying indignantly to one another, Why this waste of perfume?
5 It could have been sold for more than a year's wages and the money given to the poor. And they rebuked her harshly.
6 Leave her alone, said Jesus. Why are you bothering her? She has done a beautiful thing to me.
7 The poor you will always have with you, and you can help them any time you want. But you will not always have me.
8 She did what she could. She poured perfume on my body beforehand to prepare for my burial.
9 Truly I tell you, wherever the gospel is preached throughout the world, what she has done will also be told, in memory of her.
10 Then Judas Iscariot, one of the Twelve, went to the chief priests to betray Jesus to them.
11 They were delighted to hear this and promised to give him money. So he watched for an opportunity to hand him over.
12 On the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread, when it was customary to sacrifice the Passover lamb, Jesus' disciples asked him, Where do you want us to go and make preparations for you to eat the Passover?
13 So he sent two of his disciples, telling them, Go into the city, and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him.
14 Say to the owner of the house he enters, The Teacher asks: Where is my guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?
15 He will show you a large room upstairs, furnished and ready. Make preparations for us there.
16 The disciples left, went into the city and found things just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the Passover.
17 When evening came, Jesus arrived with the Twelve.
18 While they were reclining at the table eating, he said, Truly I tell you, one of you will betray me - one who is eating with me.
19 They were saddened, and one by one they said to him, Surely you don't mean me?
20 It is one of the Twelve, he replied, one who dips bread into the bowl with me.
21 The Son of Man will go just as it is written about him. But woe to that man who betrays the Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not been born.
22 While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, Take it; this is my body.
23 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, and they all drank from it.
24 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many, he said to them.
25 Truly I tell you, I will not drink again from the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.
26 When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.
27 You will all fall away, Jesus told them, for it is written: I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered.
28 But after I have risen, I will go ahead of you into Galilee.
29 Peter declared, Even if all fall away, I will not.
30 Truly I tell you, Jesus answered, today - yes, tonight - before the rooster crows twice you yourself will disown me three times.
31 But Peter insisted emphatically, Even if I have to die with you, I will never disown you. And all the others said the same.
32 They went to a place called Gethsemane, and Jesus said to his disciples, Sit here while I pray.
33 He took Peter, James and John along with him, and he began to be deeply distressed and troubled.
34 My soul is overwhelmed with sorrow to the point of death, he said to them. Stay here and keep watch.
35 Going a little farther, he fell to the ground and prayed that if possible the hour might pass from him.
36 Abba, Father, he said, everything is possible for you. Take this cup from me. Yet not what I will, but what you will.
37 Then he returned to his disciples and found them sleeping. Simon, he said to Peter, are you asleep? Couldn't you keep watch for one hour?
38 Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak.
39 Once more he went away and prayed the same thing.
40 When he came back, he again found them sleeping, because their eyes were heavy. They did not know what to say to him.
41 Returning the third time, he said to them, Are you still sleeping and resting? Enough! The hour has come. Look, the Son of Man is delivered into the hands of sinners.
42 Rise! Let us go! Here comes my betrayer!
43 Just as he was speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, appeared. With him was a crowd armed with swords and clubs, sent from the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders.
44 Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: The one I kiss is the man; arrest him and lead him away under guard.
45 Going at once to Jesus, Judas said, Rabbi! and kissed him.
46 The men seized Jesus and arrested him.
47 Then one of those standing near drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear.
48 Am I leading a rebellion, said Jesus, that you have come out with swords and clubs to capture me?
49 Every day I was with you, teaching in the temple courts, and you did not arrest me. But the Scriptures must be fulfilled.
50 Then everyone deserted him and fled.
51 A young man, wearing nothing but a linen garment, was following Jesus. When they seized him,
52 he fled naked, leaving his garment behind.
53 They took Jesus to the high priest, and all the chief priests, the elders and the teachers of the law came together.
54 Peter followed him at a distance, right into the courtyard of the high priest. There he sat with the guards and warmed himself at the fire.
55 The chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin were looking for evidence against Jesus so that they could put him to death, but they did not find any.
56 Many testified falsely against him, but their statements did not agree.
57 Then some stood up and gave this false testimony against him:
58 We heard him say, I will destroy this temple made with human hands and in three days will build another, not made with hands.
59 Yet even then their testimony did not agree.
60 Then the high priest stood up before them and asked Jesus, Are you not going to answer? What is this testimony that these men are bringing against you?
61 But Jesus remained silent and gave no answer. Again the high priest asked him, Are you the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed One?
62 I am, said Jesus. And you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven.
63 The high priest tore his clothes. Why do we need any more witnesses? he asked.
64 You have heard the blasphemy. What do you think? They all condemned him as worthy of death.
65 Then some began to spit at him; they blindfolded him, struck him with their fists, and said, Prophesy! And the guards took him and beat him.
66 While Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the servant girls of the high priest came by.
67 When she saw Peter warming himself, she looked closely at him. You also were with that Nazarene, Jesus, she said.
68 But he denied it. I don't know or understand what you're talking about, he said, and went out into the entryway.
69 When the servant girl saw him there, she said again to those standing around, This fellow is one of them.
70 Again he denied it. After a little while, those standing near said to Peter, Surely you are one of them, for you are a Galilean.
71 He began to call down curses, and he swore to them, I don't know this man you're talking about.
72 Immediately the rooster crowed the second time. Then Peter remembered the word Jesus had spoken to him: Before the rooster crows twice you will disown me three times. And he broke down and wept.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 14
1 Erat autem Pascha et azyma post biduum - Was Passover and unleavened bread after two days - Pascha = Passover lamb sacrifice, azyma = unleavened bread week, post biduum = in two days, Wednesday of Holy Week.
2 Non in die festo, ne forte tumultus fieret - Not on feast day lest tumult happen - fear of crowd riot.
3 In domo Simonis leprosi... alabastrum unguenti nardi spicati pretiosi: et fracto alabastro, effudit super caput ejus - In house of Simon leper... alabaster of nard spikenard precious, breaking alabaster poured on head - leprosi = former leper, alabastrum = alabaster jar sealed, nardi spicati = pure nard from spikes, expensive, fracto = broke neck to open, poured on head as anointing for king.
5 Plus quam trecentis denariis - More than 300 denarii - 300 days wages, huge, fremebant = murmured harshly.
7 Me non semper habetis - Me not always have - limited time presence.
8 Prævenit ungere corpus meum in sepulturam - Came beforehand to anoint body for burial - prævenit = anticipated, ungere = anoint, prophetic embalming.
10 Judas Iscariotes abiit ad summos sacerdotes, ut proderet eum - Judas went to betray - proderet = hand over, betray.
12 Primo die azymorum quando Pascha immolabant - First day of unleavened when Passover sacrificed - Thursday, immolabant = sacrificed lambs.
13 Homo lagenam aquæ bajulans - Man carrying water jar - lagenam = water pitcher, bajulans = carrying, unusual man carrying water (women's task), sign.
14 Refectio mea, ubi Pascha cum discipulis meis manducem? - My dining room where Passover with disciples eat? - refectio = dining place, guest room.
15 Cœnaculum grande, stratum - Large upper room furnished - cœnaculum = upper room, stratum = spread with couches, cushions.
18 Unus ex vobis tradet me, qui manducat mecum - One of you will betray me who eats with me - betrayer at table Psalm 41:9.
20 Qui intingit mecum manum in catino - Who dips with me hand in dish - catino = bowl, sharing dish intimate.
21 Væ homini illi... bonum erat ei, si non esset natus - Woe to that man... better if not born - strong warning on Judas.
22 Accepit Jesus panem: et benedicens fregit... Sumite, hoc est corpus meum - Took bread blessing broke... Take this is my body - Eucharist institution, benedicens = blessing, hoc est corpus = this is body, transubstantiation.
23 Accepto calice... biberunt ex illo omnes - Taking chalice... all drank - calice = cup.
24 Hic est sanguis meus novi testamenti, qui pro multis effundetur - This is blood of new testament poured for many - novi testamenti = new covenant Jeremiah 31, pro multis = for many.
25 De genimine vitis - Of fruit of vine - genimen = fruit/product, vow not to drink till kingdom.
26 Hymno dicto exierunt in montem Olivarum - Hymn said went out to Mount of Olives - hymn = Hallel Psalms 115-118 Passover hymn.
27 Percutiam pastorem, et dispergentur oves - I will strike shepherd and sheep scattered - Zechariah 13:7.
30 Priusquam gallus vocem bis dederit, ter me es negaturus - Before cock gives voice twice, three times deny - bis = twice, unique Mark detail.
32 Prædium, cui nomen Gethsemani - Estate named Gethsemane - prædium = farm, Gethsemani = oil press, at foot of Olives.
33 Cœpit pavere et tædere - Began to fear and be heavy - pavere = dread, tædere = anguish.
34 Tristis est anima mea usque ad mortem - Sad is my soul unto death - tristis = sorrowful, Psalm language.
36 Abba pater, omnia tibi possibilia sunt: transfer calicem hunc a me - Abba Father all possible to you, transfer this chalice from me - Abba = Aramaic father intimate, calicem = cup of suffering, yet not what I will.
37 Simon, dormis? non potuisti una hora vigilare? - Simon sleep? Could not watch one hour? - Peter singled out.
38 Spiritus promptus est, caro infirma - Spirit willing flesh weak - promptus = eager, infirma = weak.
43 Turba multa cum gladiis et lignis - Great crowd with swords and clubs - gladiis = swords, lignis = clubs, staves.
44 Signum... Quemcumque osculatus fuero, ipse est, tenete eum, et ducite caute - Sign... Whomever I kiss he is, hold him lead carefully - osculatus = kissed, caute = securely lest escape.
47 Servum summi sacerdotis, et amputavit illi auriculam - Servant of high priest cut off ear - Malchus John, Peter John says sword.
48 Tamquam ad latronem existis - As to robber you came out - latronem = bandit.
51 Adolescens quidam... amictus sindone super nudo - Young man clothed with linen cloth over naked - sindone = linen sheet, tradition Mark himself? Only Mark records, naked flight shame.
54 Petrus a longe secutus... calefaciebat se - Peter from far followed warming himself - a longe = at distance, atrium = courtyard, cold night.
55 Omne concilium quærebant testimonium - Whole council sought testimony - concilium = Sanhedrin.
58 Ego dissolvam templum hoc manu factum, et per triduum aliud non manu factum ædificabo - I will destroy temple made with hands and in three days build another not made with hands - misquote Jesus John 2:19 about his body.
61 Tu es Christus Filius Dei benedicti? - Are you Christ Son of Blessed? - benedicti = Blessed One, Jews avoid saying God.
62 Ego sum: et videbitis Filium hominis sedentem a dextris virtutis Dei, et venientem cum nubibus cæli - I AM, and you will see Son of Man sitting at right hand of Power and coming with clouds - Ego sum = divine I AM, a dextris virtutis = at right hand of Power (God), Daniel 7:13, claim of divinity.
63 Scindens vestimenta sua - Tearing garments - sign of horror at blasphemy.
65 Conspuere eum, et velare faciem ejus, et colaphis eum cædere... Prophetiza - Spit, veil face, hit with fists, Prophesy - colaphis = blows with fist, velare = blindfold game guess who hit.
68 Neque scio, neque novi quid dicas - Neither know nor understand what you say - first denial.
71 Anathematizare et jurare - Curse and swear - anathematizare = call down curses on self, jurare = oath, Quia nescio hominem istum - I do not know this man.
72 Gallus iterum cantavit... Priusquam gallus cantet bis, ter me negabis - Cock again crowed... before cock crows twice three times deny - fulfills exactly, cœpit flere = began to weep, Peter's repentance.
Mark 15
1 Very early in the morning, the chief priests, with the elders, the teachers of the law and the whole Sanhedrin, made their plans. So they bound Jesus, led him away and handed him over to Pilate.
2 Are you the king of the Jews? asked Pilate. You have said so, Jesus replied.
3 The chief priests accused him of many things.
4 So again Pilate asked him, Aren't you going to answer? See how many things they are accusing you of.
5 But Jesus still made no reply, and Pilate was amazed.
6 Now it was the custom at the festival to release a prisoner whom the people requested.
7 A man called Barabbas was in prison with the insurrectionists who had committed murder in the uprising.
8 The crowd came up and asked Pilate to do for them what he usually did.
9 Do you want me to release to you the king of the Jews? asked Pilate,
10 knowing it was out of self-interest that the chief priests had handed Jesus over to him.
11 But the chief priests stirred up the crowd to have Pilate release Barabbas instead.
12 What shall I do, then, with the one you call the king of the Jews? Pilate asked them.
13 Crucify him! they shouted.
14 Why? What crime has he committed? asked Pilate. But they shouted all the louder, Crucify him!
15 Wanting to satisfy the crowd, Pilate released Barabbas to them. He had Jesus flogged, and handed him over to be crucified.
16 The soldiers led Jesus away into the palace (that is, the Praetorium) and called together the whole company of soldiers.
17 They put a purple robe on him, then twisted together a crown of thorns and set it on him.
18 And they began to call out to him, Hail, king of the Jews!
19 Again and again they struck him on the head with a staff and spit on him. Falling on their knees, they paid homage to him.
20 And when they had mocked him, they took off the purple robe and put his own clothes on him. Then they led him out to crucify him.
21 A certain man from Cyrene, Simon, the father of Alexander and Rufus, was passing by on his way in from the country, and they forced him to carry the cross.
22 They brought Jesus to the place called Golgotha (which means the place of the skull).
23 Then they offered him wine mixed with myrrh, but he did not take it.
24 And they crucified him. Dividing up his clothes, they cast lots to see what each would get.
25 It was nine in the morning when they crucified him.
26 The written notice of the charge against him read: THE KING OF THE JEWS.
27 They crucified two rebels with him, one on his right and one on his left.
29 Those who passed by hurled insults at him, shaking their heads and saying, So! You who are going to destroy the temple and build it in three days,
30 come down from the cross and save yourself!
31 In the same way the chief priests and the teachers of the law mocked him among themselves. He saved others, they said, but he can't save himself!
32 Let this Messiah, this king of Israel, come down now from the cross, that we may see and believe. Those crucified with him also heaped insults on him.
33 At noon, darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon.
34 And at three in the afternoon Jesus cried out in a loud voice, Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani? (which means My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?).
35 When some of those standing near heard this, they said, Listen, he's calling Elijah.
36 Someone ran, filled a sponge with wine vinegar, put it on a staff, and offered it to Jesus to drink. Now leave him alone. Let's see if Elijah comes to take him down, he said.
37 With a loud cry, Jesus breathed his last.
38 The curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.
39 And when the centurion, who stood there in front of Jesus, saw how he died, he said, Surely this man was the Son of God!
40 Some women were watching from a distance. Among them were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joseph, and Salome.
41 In Galilee these women had followed him and cared for his needs. Many other women who had come up with him to Jerusalem were also there.
42 It was Preparation Day (that is, the day before the Sabbath). So as evening approached,
43 Joseph of Arimathea, a prominent member of the Council, who was himself waiting for the kingdom of God, went boldly to Pilate and asked for Jesus' body.
44 Pilate was surprised to hear that he was already dead. Summoning the centurion, he asked him if Jesus had already died.
45 When he learned from the centurion that it was so, he gave the body to Joseph.
46 So Joseph bought some linen cloth, took down the body, wrapped it in the linen, and placed it in a tomb cut out of rock. Then he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb.
47 Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joseph saw where he was laid.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 15
1 Confestim mane consilium facientes... vincientes Jesum, duxerunt, et tradiderunt Pilato - Immediately morning making counsel... binding Jesus led and delivered to Pilate - confestim = at once, mane = morning Friday, consilium = council decision, universo concilio = whole Sanhedrin, vincientes = binding, Pilato = Pontius Pilate Roman governor.
2 Tu es rex Judæorum? Tu dicis - Are you king of Jews? You say - Tu dicis = affirmative but restrained.
3 Accusabant eum in multis - Accused in many things - many false charges.
5 Jesus nihil respondit, ita ut miraretur Pilatus - Jesus answered nothing so Pilate wondered - silence Isaiah 53:7.
6 Per diem festum solebat dimittere unum ex vinctis - On feast day used to release one prisoner - Passover amnesty custom.
7 Barrabas, qui cum seditiosis erat vinctus, qui in seditione fecerat homicidium - Barabbas with rebels bound who in revolt committed murder - seditiosis = insurrectionists against Rome, homicidium = murder.
10 Per invidiam tradidissent eum - Through envy had handed over - invidia = jealousy.
11 Pontifices concitaverunt turbam - Chief priests stirred crowd - concitaverunt = incited.
13 Crucifige eum - Crucify him - shout.
15 Volens populo satisfacere... tradidit Jesum flagellis cæsum, ut crucifigeretur - Wanting to satisfy people... delivered Jesus having been beaten with scourges to be crucified - populo satisfacere = please people, flagellis cæsum = cut with whips, Roman flagellation with lead-tipped thongs.
16 In atrium prætorii, et convocant totam cohortem - Into hall of Praetorium and call whole cohort - prætorii = governor's palace, cohort = 600 soldiers.
17 Induunt eum purpura, et imponunt plectentes spineam coronam - Clothe with purple and put plaiting thorny crown - purpura = purple robe mock royalty, spineam coronam = crown of thorns.
19 Percutiebant caput ejus arundine: et conspuebant eum, et ponentes genua, adorabant eum - Struck head with reed and spit, bending knees adored - arundine = reed as scepter mock.
21 Angariaverunt... Simonem Cyrenæum... patrem Alexandri et Rufi, ut tolleret crucem ejus - Forced... Simon Cyrene... father of Alexander and Rufus to take cross - angariaverunt = compelled Roman forced labor, Cyrenæum = from Cyrene North Africa, Rufus maybe Romans 16:13 known to readers.
22 Golgotha: interpretatum Calvariæ locus - Golgotha interpreted place of Skull - Aramaic gulgoleth skull hill.
23 Myrrhatum vinum: et non accepit - Myrrhed wine and did not take - narcotic to dull pain, refused to suffer fully conscious.
24 Diviserunt vestimenta ejus, mittentes sortem - Divided garments casting lot - Psalm 22:18 fulfilled.
25 Hora tertia - Third hour - Jewish reckoning 9am, crucified.
26 Titulus causæ: Rex Judæorum - Title of cause: King of Jews - titulus = charge board.
27 Duos latrones - Two robbers - latrones = bandits, rebels.
28 Et cum iniquis reputatus est - With wicked reckoned - Isaiah 53:12, some manuscripts omit but Clementine includes.
29 Vah! qui destruis templum... - Vah! You destroy temple - Vah = exclamation of mockery.
31 Alios salvos fecit; seipsum non potest salvum facere - Others he saved, himself cannot save - truth they mock.
33 Hora sexta, tenebræ factæ sunt per totam terram usque in horam nonam - Sixth hour darkness over whole land until ninth hour - hora sexta = noon, nona = 3pm, darkness supernatural.
34 Eloi, eloi, lamma sabacthani? - Aramaic Psalm 22:1, Eloi = My God, lamma sabacthani = why have you forsaken me? Ut quid dereliquisti me = translation.
35 Ecce Eliam vocat - Behold calls Elijah - confusion Eloi vs Elijah.
36 Spongiam aceto... circumponensque calamo - Sponge with vinegar putting on reed - aceto = sour wine, common Roman drink posca, to prolong life or mock, calamo = reed.
37 Emissa voce magna expiravit - Sending out great voice expired - voluntary loud cry then death, not fading.
38 Velum templi scissum est in duo, a summo usque deorsum - Veil of temple torn in two from top to bottom - velum = inner veil Holy of Holies, torn from top divine act, access opened.
39 Centurio, qui ex adverso stabat, quia sic clamans expirasset, ait: Vere hic homo Filius Dei erat - Centurion standing opposite, because thus crying expired, said truly this man Son of God was - ex adverso = facing, centurion pagan Roman first Gentile confession.
40 Mulieres de longe aspicientes: Maria Magdalene, et Maria Jacobi minoris, et Joseph mater, et Salome - Women from afar looking, Mary Magdalene, Mary of James less and Joseph mother, and Salome - Jacobi minoris = James the Less, faithful women remain when disciples fled.
42 Parasceve, quod est ante sabbatum - Parasceve which is before Sabbath - Friday Preparation Day before Sabbath.
43 Joseph ab Arimathæa nobilis decurio, qui et ipse erat exspectans regnum Dei, et audacter introivit ad Pilatum - Joseph from Arimathea noble councilor, himself waiting kingdom, boldly entered to Pilate - nobilis decurio = prominent member of council, audacter = boldly risking impurity and association.
46 Mercatus sindonem, et deponens eum involvit sindone, et posuit eum in monumento quod erat excisum de petra, et advolvit lapidem ad ostium monumenti - Buying fine linen taking down wrapped in linen and placed in tomb hewn from rock and rolled stone to door - sindonem = linen shroud, excisum de petra = cut from rock, advolvit = rolled large stone.
47 Maria Magdalene et Maria Joseph aspiciebant ubi poneretur - Mary Magdalene and Mary of Joseph saw where placed - witnesses of burial location for resurrection.
Mark 16
1 When the Sabbath was over, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome bought spices so that they might go to anoint Jesus' body.
2 Very early on the first day of the week, just after sunrise, they were on their way to the tomb
3 and they asked each other, Who will roll the stone away from the entrance of the tomb?
4 But when they looked up, they saw that the stone, which was very large, had been rolled away.
5 As they entered the tomb, they saw a young man dressed in a white robe sitting on the right side, and they were alarmed.
6 Don't be alarmed, he said. You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid him.
7 But go, tell his disciples and Peter, He is going ahead of you into Galilee. There you will see him, just as he told you.
8 Trembling and bewildered, the women went out and fled from the tomb. They said nothing to anyone, because they were afraid.
9 When Jesus rose early on the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he had driven seven demons.
10 She went and told those who had been with him and who were mourning and weeping.
11 When they heard that Jesus was alive and that she had seen him, they did not believe it.
12 Afterward Jesus appeared in a different form to two of them while they were walking in the country.
13 These returned and reported it to the rest; but they did not believe them either.
14 Later Jesus appeared to the Eleven as they were eating; he rebuked them for their lack of faith and their stubborn refusal to believe those who had seen him after he had risen.
15 He said to them, Go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creation.
16 Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned.
17 And these signs will accompany those who believe: In my name they will drive out demons; they will speak in new tongues;
18 they will pick up snakes with their hands; and when they drink deadly poison, it will not hurt them at all; they will place their hands on sick people, and they will get well.
19 After the Lord Jesus had spoken to them, he was taken up into heaven and he sat at the right hand of God.
20 Then the disciples went out and preached everywhere, and the Lord worked with them and confirmed his word by the signs that accompanied it.
Vulgate Clementine Translation Notes - Mark 16
1 Et cum transisset sabbatum... emerunt aromata ut venientes ungerent Jesum - When Sabbath passed... bought spices to come anoint Jesus - transisset sabbatum = Sabbath ended Saturday sunset, emerunt aromata = bought spices, ungerent = anoint, Jewish burial anointing, could not buy Friday night.
2 Valde mane una sabbatorum, veniunt ad monumentum, orto jam sole - Very early one of Sabbaths, come to tomb sun now risen - una sabbatorum = first day of week, Sunday, valde mane = very early, orto sole = sun risen.
3 Quis revolvet nobis lapidem ab ostio monumenti? - Who will roll back stone from door of tomb? - lapidem = large stone, concern.
4 Viderunt revolutum lapidem. Erat quippe magnus valde - Saw stone rolled back, was very great - revolutum = rolled away.
5 Juvenes sedentem in dextris, coopertum stola candida, et obstupuerunt - Young man sitting on right clothed in white robe, astonished - juvenem = angel in form of young man, stola candida = white robe heavenly, in dextris = on right side.
6 Nolite expavescere: Jesum quæritis Nazarenum, crucifixum: surrexit, non est hic - Do not be frightened, Jesus of Nazareth crucified, he rose, not here - expavescere = terrified, surrexit = rose, ecce locus = behold place proof empty.
7 Dicite discipulis ejus, et Petro, quia præcedit vos in Galilæam - Tell disciples and Peter that he goes before you into Galilee - et Petro = special mention Peter after denial, restoration, præcedit = goes ahead, promise of reunion where ministry began.
8 Invaserat enim eas tremor et pavor: et nemini quidquam dixerunt: timebant enim - Tremor and fear seized them, said nothing to anyone for feared - Mark's abrupt original ending at verse 8, tremor et pavor = trembling and awe.
9-20 is longer ending, included in Clementine Vulgate:
9 Mane prima sabbati, apparuit primo Mariæ Magdalene, de qua ejecerat septem dæmonia - Morning first Sabbath, appeared first to Mary Magdalene from whom cast seven demons - primacy of Mary, seven demons = total possession.
10 Lugentibus et flentibus - Mourning and weeping - disciples grieving.
12 In alia effigie, euntibus in villam - In other form going to country - Emmaus disciples Luke 24, alia effigie = different appearance not recognized.
14 Novissime recumbentibus illis undecim apparuit: et exprobravit incredulitatem eorum et duritiam cordis - At last to eleven reclining appeared and reproached unbelief and hardness of heart - novissime = finally, recumbentibus = reclining at table, exprobravit = rebuked.
15 Euntes in mundum universum prædicate Evangelium omni creaturæ - Going into whole world preach gospel to every creature - universal mission, omni creaturæ = all creation.
16 Qui crediderit, et baptizatus fuerit, salvus erit: qui non crediderit, condemnabitur - Who believes and baptized saved, who not believe condemned - baptism linked to faith, salvation formula.
17-18 Signa... in nomine meo dæmonia ejicient: linguis loquentur novis: serpentes tollent: et si mortiferum quid biberint, non eis nocebit: super ægros manus imponent, et bene habebunt - Signs... in my name cast out demons, speak new tongues, pick up serpents, if drink deadly not harm, lay hands on sick recover - charisms of apostolic age, tongues = languages, serpentes = Acts 28 Paul viper.
19 Assumptus est in cælum, et sedet a dextris Dei - Taken up into heaven and sits at right hand of God - Ascension, sedet a dextris = reign.
20 Profecti prædicaverunt ubique, Domino cooperante, et sermonem confirmante, sequentibus signis - Going forth preached everywhere Lord working with and confirming word with following signs - conclusion: mission fulfilled, Dominus cooperante = Lord cooperating.